第 62 卦 · 雷山小过

小过卦原文
小过。亨，利贞。可小事，不可大事。飞鸟遗之音。不宜上，宜下，大吉。

象曰：山上有雷，小过。君子以行过乎恭，丧过乎衰，用过乎俭。

白话文解释
小过卦：亨通，这是吉利的贞卜。但是只适宜于小事，不适宜大事。飞鸟空中过，叫声耳边留，警惕人们：登高必遇险，下行则吉利。
象辞》说：本卦下卦为艮，艮为山；上卦为震，震为雷，山上有雷，是小过的卦象。君子观此卦象，惧畏天雷，不敢有过失。因而行事不敢过于恭谦，居丧不敢过度哀伤，用度不敢过于节俭，唯适中而已。
《断易天机》解
小过卦震上艮下，为兑宫游魂卦。占得此卦，举事有利，可以举小事，不可举大事。

北宋易学家邵雍解
阴顺阳困，柔软用事；谨慎自持，不宜急进。
得此卦者，诸事不利，宜行小事，不宜成大事，更防因自身的过失惹来是非争讼。

台湾国学大儒傅佩荣解
时运：清高自处，反遭人忌。
财运：价格不合，无利可图。
家宅：高处之家；老夫少妻。
身体：过寒或过热。

传统解卦
这个卦是异卦（下艮上震）相叠。艮为山，震为雷，过山雷鸣，不可不畏惧。阳为大，阴为小，卦外四阴超过中二阳，故称“小过”，小有越过。
大象：山上有雷，雷声虽大但被山阻隔，雷声减弱，即为「小过」。
运势：诸事不利，宜行小事，不宜做大事，更防因小过失造成惊动，惹来是非争讼。
事业：行动宜谨慎小心，切勿冒险，尤其不得钻空子。但只要坚持正当的行为，可勇敢向前，努力奋斗，开拓事业。不过，一定要把握尺度，不要好高骛远，以免招致灾祸。随机应变是关键。
经商：对市场行情不十分掌握，可先稍试探一下，随即收敛行为，否则会导致危险。不应大规模行动，也不必胆小怕事，稳扎稳打，逐步发展。
求名：应遵循中正的原则和循序渐进的道理，求得稳步前进。切勿追求虚名，更不得不顾实际情况攀高位。
婚恋：应较长时间的彼此了解，不可仓促行事。
决策：行动必须把握分寸，适可而止。盛时应防止办事过火，应即时收敛自己。过度将不足成事，反会招祸。一切行动都要因应变通，不可固执。

第六十二卦的哲学含义

小过卦，这个卦是异卦相叠，下卦为艮，上卦为震。艮为山，震为雷。山在下，雷在上。这意味着山上有雷雨，雷雨在山上能把树木击坏，又能使水土流失。虽然如此，山上万物若无雷雨的滋润，就不能生存。相比之下，雷雨所造成的损失，只是雷雨的一种小过失，故本卦被取名为“小过”。
小过卦位于中孚卦之后，《序卦》之中这样解释道：“有其信者必行之，故受之以小过。”有诚信的人一定会行动，在行动时若是把握不住限度，可能就会有小过，所以接着要谈小过。
《象》中这样解释本卦：山上有雷，小过；君子以行过乎恭，丧过乎哀，用过乎俭。这里指出：小过卦的卦象是艮（山）下震（雷）上，为山上响雷之象，雷声超过了寻常的雷鸣，以此比喻“小有过越”，君子应效法“小过”之象，在一些寻常小事上能略有过分，如行止时过分恭敬，遇到丧事时过分悲哀，日常用度过分节俭，为的是矫枉过正。
小过卦象征略为过分，启示的是行动有度的道理，属于中上卦。《象》中这样来断此卦：行人路过独木桥，心内惶恐眼里瞧，爽利保保过得去，慢行一定不安牢。

62　高岛易断-雷山小过(䷽)
为卦二阳在内，四阴在外，阴为小，谓之小，阴过于阳，谓之过。卦体《震》上《艮》下，《震》动也，《艮》止也，动止宜得其中，若过动过止，皆谓之过。《震》为雷，《 艮》为山，若雷过猛，山过险，亦谓之过。以其所过，皆在小事，此卦所以名《小过》也。
小过：亨，利贞。可小事，不可大事。飞鸟遗之音，不宜上，宜下，大吉。
《小过》者，阴过乎阳，即“行过乎恭，丧过乎哀，用过乎俭”之谓也，过在细故，道乃可通，故曰“小过亨”。“利贞”者，矫世励俗，利在归正，故曰“利贞”。四阴擅权在外，二阳逼处于中，柔弱无力，不足以当大任，只可小受而已，故曰“可小事，不可大事”。《震》为鹄，又为音，故曰“飞鸟遗之音”，遗其音者，哀鸣之声也。飞鸟过高，欲下不得，哀鸣求救，上则愈危，下则犹得安，故曰“不宜上，宜下，大吉”，吉在下也。
《 彖传》曰：小过，小者过而亨也。过以利贞，与时行也。柔得中，是以小事吉也。刚失位而不中，是以不可大事也。有飞鸟之象焉，飞鸟遗之音，不宜上，宜下，大吉，上逆而下顺也。
过当之谓过，过有大小，是以卦名亦分大小过。阳过乎阴，则过大，阴过乎阳，则过小，二卦内外反对，各有偏胜，故为过也。《小过》动而遂止，所过者小，小则可通，故曰“小者过而亨也”。一动一止，宜当其时，当时之谓正，时当《小过》，宜以小过处之，故《彖》曰“利贞”。而《传》则曰“过以利贞，与时行也”，言其因过而得利贞，乃其时之当过也。“可小事”者，谨小慎微，力所优为，以二五之柔得中也；“不可大事”者，遗易投艰，才不胜任，以三四之刚失位也。“飞鸟之象”者，二阳在中，象鸟身，四阴在外，象鸟欲翼而飞也。鸟之徊翔审集，所以避害，一遭弋，则鸣声上下，呼群求救，如语所云“鸟之将死，其鸣也哀”，故曰“飞鸟遗之音”。乘上则逆，逆则必凶，承下则顺，顺则大吉，故曰“不宜上”，而“宜下”也。
以此卦拟人事，《震》动《艮》止，人事不外动止两端，动而过动，动即为过，止而过止，止亦为过，所过者小，是谓《小过》。在人不动不止，则可无过，然不动不止，则亦不亨，惟其有过，乃亦有亨，故曰“小过亨”。所谓过者，往往因时之过刻，而故崇其厚，因时之过猛，而故用其宽，过之不失正，以其能应时而行也。时而宜柔，人惟行其柔耳，柔得其中，故“小事吉”也；时而宜刚，人惟行其刚耳，刚失其位，故“不可大事”也。盖人事之所以得中失中者，惟以时宜为准而已，至所谓“不宜上，宜下”，观夫飞鸟而得其象焉。“飞鸟”，象由《中孚》上六来，《中孚》上曰“翰音登于天，凶”，是即“不宜上，宜下”之旨也。飞鸟上则危，下则安，故曰“上逆而下顺也”。以喻人事，骄亢则危，逊顺则安，乃知谦卑下人者，虽大任不能当，而小事则无不吉也。惟在柔之能行夫时而已矣。
以此卦拟国家，国家之大典，如夏尚忠，殷尚质，周尚文，三王缔造，其制作皆因时而定也。故时宜忠而忠，时宜质而质，时宜文而文，各因其时，即各得其贞，而道无不亨矣；非其时则过于忠，过于质，过于文，皆谓之过也。其过虽小，亦不得谓之非过哉，此过所以分大小过也。《大过》四刚在内，才力盛大，故过亦大；《小过》四柔在外，智识浅少，识小故过亦小。譬如身任国政者，大权在握，其成大，其败亦大，小节自谨，其得小，其失亦小。此皆在刚柔之分也，故柔得中，则小事必吉，刚失位，则大事不可为矣，即凡政事之道，有顺有逆，有上有下，莫不由此而出焉。宜下而下，则谓之顺，宜下而上，则谓之逆，逆者凶，顺者吉。观夫鸟之高飞也，翱翔冥漠，不知所止，不下则不得其食，亦不得其栖，哀鸣嗷嗷，有欲下而不得者矣，凶之道也，为国家者，居高履危，当取象于飞鸟而自警焉，斯知所顺逆矣。
通观此卦，《大过》自《颐》来，口腹之养过度，则有死丧，《小过》自《中孚》来，性情失常，则有灾眚。故《小过》之内，互为《大过》，不中不信，动而不止，必同至灭亡。《彖》曰“亨”者，谓人宜收敛改悔，则自亨通，使亦如《大过》之“不惧”“无闷”，其咎反甚于《大过》。何则？《大过》有阳刚之才，而《小过》阴柔，飞扬躁扰，尤所深忌也。卦之取象于飞鸟者，亦由《中孚》上爻“翰音登于天”来也，故卦体中，二奇象鸟身，上下四偶象鸟翼。《艮》欲止而《震》欲动，四阴用事，二阳迫处凶惧之地，任阴所往，不能自止，如鸟之振翼高飞，身不自主，翼飞愈远，身愈不安，哀鸣疾呼，求援不得，所谓飞鸟遗音是也。故《小过》之时，下止则吉，上动则凶，所谓“不宜上，宜下”是也。六爻皆取鸟象；初上在外，为翼为翰皆凶；二五为翼，二无咎，下也，五虽中无功，上也；三四为身，三《艮》止之主，不能止而上应，故凶，四《震》之主，虽动而下应，故无咎。是以《传》所谓“上逆而下顺”者，道由是焉。
《象》曰：山上有雷，小过。君子以行过乎恭，丧过乎哀，用过乎俭。
《震》雷者，动而不止，《艮》者，止而不动，山上有雷，是雷为山所止，雷必小矣，故为《小过》。君子取其象以制行，而行不嫌其过恭；取其象以居丧，而丧不嫌其过哀；取其象以致用，而用不嫌其过俭。盖曰“行”，曰“丧”，曰“用”，皆动也，象《震》；曰“恭”，曰“哀”，曰“俭”，皆止也，象《艮》；其过恭、过哀、过俭，皆所以矫一时之弊也，以其非中行也，谓之《小过》，然亦足矫世而励俗焉。
【占】 问时运：运途清高，有不屑于同污流俗之概。
○　问营商：因一时价值过高，不合时宜，买卖均难。
○　问功名：以其不谐时俗，反为人忌。
○　问战征：屯营山上，地位过高，进退俱难。
○　问婚姻：想是老夫女妻，年岁相去过远。
○　问家宅：此宅想在高山。
○　问疾病：是过寒过热之症，须调剂得中。
○　问六甲：生男。

Judgment
Legge: Small Powers indicates that there will be progress and attainment in small affairs, but not in great affairs. It will be advantageous to be firm and correct. It is like the song of a flying bird: It is better to descend than to ascend. In this way there will be good fortune.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Preponderance of the Small. Success. Perseverance furthers. Small things may be done; great things should not be done. The flying bird brings the message: It is not well to strive upward, it is well to remain below. Great good fortune.
Blofeld: The Small Get By -- success! Persistence in a righteous course brings reward. Small things can be accomplished now, but not great ones. When birds fly high, their singing is out of tune. The humble, but not the mighty, are favored now with great good fortune. [To aim high now would be to put ourselves out of accord with the times.]
Liu: Slight Excess. Success. Continuing is of benefit. Undertaking small things, not great things. The song of the flying bird. It is not good to go up; it is good to stay below. Great good fortune. [Slight Excess signifies the slight excess or small mistake that can prevent the achievement of great things.]
Ritsema/Karcher: Small Exceeding, Growing. Harvesting Trial. Permitting Small Affairs. Not permitting Great Affairs. Flying bird: abandoning's sound. Above not proper, below proper. The great significant. [This hexagram describes your situation in terms of an overwhelming variety of encounters and details. It emphasizes that an excessive concern with adapting yourself to these inner and outer events is the adequate way to handle it...]
Shaughnessy: Small Surpassing: Receipt; beneficial to determine; possible for little service, but not possible for great service. The sound left by the flying bird is not proper for ascent but is proper for descent; greatly auspicious.

Cleary (1): Predominance of the small is developmental, beneficial if correct. It is suitable for a small affair but not for a great one. The call left by a flying bird should not rise but descend. This is very auspicious.
Cleary (2): Small excess turns out all right. It is beneficial to be correct. It is all right for small matters, not for great matters. A flying bird leaves its cry; it should not ascend but descend – then there will be great good fortune.
Wu: Excess of the Small indicates pervasiveness and the advantage of being persevering. One may succeed in doing small business, but not big one. Like the lingering sound of a bird flying by, it is not suitable to go upward, but suitable to go downward. Great fortune.
The Image
Legge: The image of thunder above a hill forms Small Powers. The superior man, in accordance with this, in his conduct exceeds in humility, in mourning exceeds in sorrow, and in his expenditure exceeds in economy.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Thunder on the mountain: the image of Preponderance of the Small. Thus in his conduct the superior man gives preponderance to reverence. In bereavement he gives preponderance to grief. In his expenditures he gives preponderance to thrift. [The superior man derives an imperative from this image: he must always fix his eyes more closely and more directly on duty than does the ordinary man, even though this might make his behavior seem petty to the outside world. He is exceptionally conscientious in his actions.]
Blofeld: This hexagram symbolizes thunder over the mountains. The Superior Man now acts with too much reverence, experiences too much sorrow from bereavement and is overly thrifty in satisfying his needs.
Liu: Thunder over the mountain symbolizes Slight Excess. The superior man's conduct is overly humble; In mourning he laments exceedingly, and he is stingy in his spending.
Ritsema/Karcher: Above mountain possessing thunder. Small Exceeding. A chun tzu uses moving Exceeding to reach-to courtesy. A chun tzu uses losing Exceeding to reach-to mourning. A chun tzu uses availing of Exceeding to reach-to parsimony.
Cleary (1): There is thunder over a mountain, exessively small. Thus superior people are excessively deferential in conduct, excessively sad in mourning, excessively frugal in consumption.
Cleary (2): Thunder over a mountain – small excess. Genteel people are exceedingly deferential in conduct, exceedingly sad in mourning, and exceedingly abstemious in consumption.

Wu: Thunder rolls over the mountain; this is Excess of the Small. Thus the jun zi conducts himself with a little excess in respect to others, a little excess in sorrow at mourning, and a little excess in frugality in expenditure.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: In Small Powers we see the magnetic lines exceeding the others, and giving the intimation of progress and attainment. To be advantageous, such excesses must be associated with firm correctness, and must always be in harmony with the requirements of the time. The magnetic lines are in the central places, and hence it is said that small excesses may be done in small affairs with good effect. Of the dynamic lines, one is not in its proper place, and the other is not central; thus it is said that small excesses should not be done in great affairs. In the hexagram we have the symbol of the flying bird, whose song reminds us that it is better to descend than ascend. To ascend is contrary to what is reasonable in the case, while to descend is natural and right.
Legge: The meaning of this hexagram in which an excess of yin lines prevails, may be grasped by contrasting its image with that of hexagram number twenty-eight, Critical Mass, in which an excess of yang lines prevails. Here the idea is the prevalence of small or inferior powers, and the lesson to be learned is how to distinguish essentials from nonessentials. Is it ever good to deviate from the established course of procedure? The answer is that it is permissible only in small matters, but never in matters of import. Sometimes form may be dispensed with, but never substance, and the thing must always be done
responsibly and with appropriate humility. The symbol of the bird is to teach humility -- it is better for it to descend, keeping near to where it can perch and rest, than to ascend into the homeless regions of the upper air.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Judgment: Ground your flights of fancy. The Superior Man bends over backwards to be correct. Small Powers shows the preceding figure of Inner Truth turned inside-out.
Here the magnetic lines are all on the outside -- uncontained and uncontrolled. The hexagram often reflects a situation in which the "archetypes": the passions, appetites, emotions, drives and instincts have left their proper places within the psyche and are flying free like birds escaped from the zoo. Most of the lines either depict the danger of such a situation or warn about how to control it. In this inflated, compulsive state of identity, we and the drive are at our most harmful; the drive will unfold and we will act out its extreme, inappropriate and destructive side. In the process we get the worst of it, along with the other people involved. The wrong thing usually happens at the wrong time and in the wrong place. A capacity for moving toward differentiation and transforming the drive will not arise until the state of identity has been dissolved. This requires a confrontation of the drive as a Thou, as something that is not I, as something

separate from ourselves. Only at this point can the inner dialogue begin. Until then the drive remains unconscious, primitive and destructive. Only after the identity has been dissolved by learning to experience the drive as an autonomous entity that is separate from the ego, do we get a chance to choose a right time and place and to develop the positive potential of the drive.
E.C. Whitmont -- The Symbolic Quest Interestingly, the only line that seems to be correctly "out of its cage" is the second - suggesting a situation in which an intuitive inner wisdom takes proper precedence over the usual firm correctness of "reason."

周易第六十二卦初九爻详解
初六爻辞
初六。飞鸟以凶。
象曰：飞鸟以凶，不可如何也。
白话文解释
初六：飞鸟经过空中，预兆着凶险。
《象辞》说：飞鸟经过空中，预兆着凶险，这是无可奈何之事。

北宋易学家邵雍解
凶：得此爻者，不得天时，灾难突来。做官的有骤然取祸之忧。读书人则有一飞冲天之兆。

台湾国学大儒傅佩荣解
时运：不安本分，结果堪虞。
财运：不自量力，难免失败。
家宅：屋宜低小；门当户对。
身体：神魂难保。

初六变卦
初六爻动变得周易第55卦：雷火丰。这个卦是异卦（下离上震）相叠，电闪雷鸣，成就巨大，喻达到顶峰，如日中天。告戒：务必注意事物向相反方面发展，盛衰无常，不可不警惕。

初九爻的哲学含义

小过卦第一爻，爻辞：初六：飞鸟以凶。爻辞释义
本爻辞的意思是：飞鸟向上强飞将会出现凶险。
从卦象上看，初六以阴爻居于刚位，才质柔弱，又逞能好动，就象刚学会飞的小鸟，羽翼未丰，却要强飞，这样必会招致凶险。
《象》中这样解释本爻：“飞鸟以凶”，不可如何也。这里指出：“飞鸟向上强飞将会出现凶险”，是咎由自取，无可奈何。
占得此卦者，要考虑自己的实际能力，在自己能力和学识经验都没有达到一定程度时，不要想从事更高的职位，或者想发大财，这时不要要求太多，可以从身边的小事做起，慢慢地学习，一步一步地来。
初六：飞鸟以凶。
象曰：飞鸟以凶，不可如何也。
经文意思是：飞鸟带来了凶险。
象辞意思是：飞鸟带来了凶险，是没有办法解救的。

初六：飞鸟以凶。
《象传》曰：飞鸟以凶，不可如何也。
“以”者，即左右之曰以是也。鸟以翼而飞，初与上，象取两翼，故皆言“飞鸟”。《小过》“不宜上，宜下”，初在下，更不宜上，飞则振冀直上，欲下不能，其凶可知也，故曰“飞鸟以凶”。初居《艮》止之始，本无飞象，初与上相终始，上居《震》动之终，上之鸟，动而思飞。初上分为两翼，一翼飞，一翼不能独止，故飞则俱飞，凶亦俱凶。《象传》释以“不可如何”，谓“上逆而下顺”，初在下，乃不顺下而逆上，是自取其凶也，亦无可如何耳。
【占】 问时运：不安本分，妄思风腾上进，凶。
○　问营商：力小而图大，位卑而谋高，不自量力，必致败也。
○　问功名：宜卑小自安。
○　问战征：初在《艮》下，宜按兵不动。
○　问婚姻：宜门户相当，不宜攀结高亲。
○　问家宅：屋宇以低小为宜。
○　问疾病：神魂飞越，凶。
○　问六甲：生男。
【例】　友人某来，请占谋事成否，筮得《小过》之《丰》。
断曰：鸟本以栖集为安，以飞翔为劳，飞而不下，是鸟不得其栖息矣，是以凶也，犹如人惶惶道路，有不遑安处之状。今君占谋事，得此爻辞，知君所谋，意欲舍小图大，去低就高，为力谋上进之事。就爻象而论，鸟之飞，愈上愈危，欲下不得，喻言君之谋事，愈大愈难，不特其事不成，即他日欲退而就小，而亦不能也。劝君安心退守，不作妄想，斯可免凶也。
【例】　二十七年冬至，占二十八年我国与俄国交际，筮得《小过》之《丰》。
断曰：初爻处《艮》之下，《艮》，止也，本不宜动，乃鸟以动而飞，是失《艮》之止，以从《震》之动，舍顺就逆，是以凶也。《彖》辞曰，“不宜上，宜下”，鸟能安其在下，则凶可免矣。今占我国与俄国交际，得此爻象，是当以内卦《艮》属我，外卦《震》属俄。在俄，虎视耽耽，只知动兵争强；我与清交战，乃俄若忌我之胜，有跃跃欲动之意。彼动而我亦不能不动，故初与上，皆言“飞鸟”，是象之发现在此。果若两动，则必两凶，当谨守宜下之戒，则可以免凶。
后我与清国媾和，法顺下之旨，乃得平和结局。

Line-1
Legge: The first line, magnetic, suggests the idea of a bird flying, and ascending until the issue is evil.
Wilhelm/Baynes: The bird meets with misfortune through flying. [A bird ought to remain in the nest until it is fledged. If it tries to fly before this, it invites misfortune.]
Blofeld: A bird in flight brings misfortune.
Liu: A bird encounters misfortune when it soars.
Ritsema/Karcher: Flying bird: using a pitfall.
Shaughnessy: The flying bird brings inauspiciousness.
Cleary (1): A bird that flies thereby brings misfortune.
Wu: The flying bird gets its misfortune.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: Nothing can be done to avoid this issue. Wilhelm/Baynes: Here there is nothing to be done. Blofeld: There is nothing we can do about it. [The bird is merely a symbol; we are due to encounter misfortune which we are powerless to avert.]
Ritsema/Karcher: Wherefore not permitted thus indeed. Cleary (2): Nothing can be done about it. Wu: It cannot be helped.
Legge: Line one is magnetic in a dynamic place, and possessed by the idea of exceeding the limitations of the hexagram. Her correlate is the dynamic fourth line, belonging to the trigram of Movement, so that instead of being repressed from her tendency to ascend, she is actually stimulated to do so. Nothing can be done to avoid an evil issue because she brings it on herself.

NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: At the outset, the man should heed the case of a bird leaving the nest before it is fledged. He should spend his early life learning the traditional ways in order to avoid wasting his energies in senseless jousting.
Wing: If you are considering an extraordinary plan, forget it. The time and your position could not be more inappropriate. Your destiny lies in the ordinary or traditional, and anything beyond that would lead you into danger.
Editor: Despite the gloomy Confucian commentary, my experience with this line has usually been conditional: "If the bird flies, disaster is inevitable." The implicit conclusion is: "If the bird doesn't fly, it will escape the unpleasant consequences." The image of the bird (an air creature symbolizes a thought, concept or idea) can suggest blue-sky thinking that will only end up lost in space. Wilhelm’s commentary offers the idea of a fledgling trying to fly before it is ready, suggesting that the impulse to act may be more premature than improper. If we do not know what moves us we are in no position to understand what we are doing, nor are we in any position to choose what we wish to do. We may think we decide what we want to do but what actually happens may be quite another matter. Without an awareness of the psychic fields in which we operate, any idea of freedom of will, decision or of relationship is an illusion.
E.C. Whitmont -- The Symbolic Quest
A. You have allowed your thoughts to run away with you.
B. You are in over your head -- have exceeded your ability to cope with the reality of the situation.

周易第六十二卦九二爻详解
六二爻辞
六二。过其祖，遇其妣。不及其君，遇其臣，无咎。
象曰：不及其君，臣不可过也。
白话文解释
六二：错过了他的祖父，但遇着了他的祖母；没有赶上国君，还是遇着了臣僚。虽有差迟，但非徒劳，因而无灾难。
《象辞》说：没有赶上国君，因为臣子固不宜超越国君。

北宋易学家邵雍解
平：得此爻者，得贵人指引，谋望有成。做官的严于律己，恪守己职，则升迁有望。

台湾国学大儒傅佩荣解
时运：平顺之运，得半已足。
财运：虽未满载，得半亦可。
家宅：不安之象；恐非正配。
身体：药力未至，继续诊治。

六二变卦

  六二爻动变得周易第32卦：雷风恒。这个卦是异卦（下巽上震）相叠。震为男、为雷；巽为女、为风。震刚在上，巽柔在下。刚上柔下，造化有常，相互助长。阴阳相应，常情，故称为恒。

九二爻的哲学含义

小过卦第二爻，爻辞：六二：过其祖，遇其妣；不及其君，遇其臣，无咎。爻辞释义
祖：指祖父。妣：在这里指祖母。
本交辞的意思是：在请示家事时，可不通过祖父而向祖母请示。在请示国家大事时，在不能直接求见于君主的情况下，请示君主的亲近大臣，不会有过错
从卦象上看，六二属于阴爻居于柔位，持中守正，做事很守规矩和本份。在古代社会，家庭里实行家长制，有事情要向家长请示，六二这个晚辈没有向祖父请示，却越过祖父向祖母请示，因为家里的家务事，属于小事，这是没有过错的。若是对于大臣来讲，是不能越过君主的，必须向君主请示，在不能直接被接见的情况下，才可以向其近君大臣请示。
《象》中这样分析本爻：“不及其君”，臣不可过也。这里指出：“不能擅自越过君位”，因为作为臣子是不能超越至尊的。
占得此爻者，你在所在的单位中，一定要遵守该单位的规章制度，在请示汇报时，一定针对主要的领导，不可越位或者弄错对象。在家庭里，也要注意对长辈的尊敬，虽然现在不是家长制了，许多事情可以自己做主，但是出于对他们的尊重，还应商量一下为好。
六二：过其祖，遇其妣；不及其君，遇其臣；无咎。
象曰：不及其君，臣不可过也。

六二：过其祖，遇其妣，不及其君，遇其臣，无咎。
《象传》曰：不及其君，臣不可过也。
《 易》例，阴阳相应，为君臣，为夫妇，取其配偶；无应者，或为父子，或为等夷，或为嫡媵，或为妣妇，取其同类。五为父母之位，亦为祖妣之位，阳爻为父为祖，阴爻为母为祖妣。五为父母，则必以二为子；五为祖妣，则必以二为孙。今二五皆阴，而不相应，有妣妇之配，故曰“过其祖，遇其妣”。常例五为君，此卦君当谓上，五则臣也，故臣谓二五。过四而与五遇，则止于五而不上，故曰“不及其君，遇其臣”。可过而过，不及而不过，为能得经权之中，无过不及之偏，故“无咎”。且二五以柔相亲，五尊二卑，卑之于尊，弗过则可承其礼遇，过则有逾越之嫌，故五视上虽为臣，而二不可遇也，不可遇，则二于上，但觉庙高堂远，瞻仰弗及矣。不可过而不过，安于“宜下”，夫复何咎？此《小过》之最善者也。《象传》之所释者以此。
【占】 问时运：运途平顺，不得其全，犹得其半，亦可无咎矣。
○　问营商：贸资以往，虽未得满载而归，亦足称十得其五矣。
○　问功名：不得其上，已获其中。
○　问战征：已得斩其将，拔其旗，夫复何咎？
○　问疾病：药力未到。
○　问婚姻：恐非正配。
○　问家宅：宅神不安。
○　问六甲：生男。
【例】　明治十八年七月，余避暑游伊香保，有号其角堂主人者，工俳谐，访余旅寓，自云：近来俳谐道衰，是愚所叹息也。每年朝廷有和歌御制，许民间咸相赓和，独俳谐无闻，愚窃欲上俳谐天览之议，闻先生通晓神《易》，请占成否。筮得《小过》之《恒》。
断曰：此爻六二重阴，柔弱无力，爻曰遇妣遇臣，所遇皆阴象，又曰“不及其君”，是明言不能上达君听也。足下占俳谐上呈，得此爻辞，在俳谐为和歌变体，主文谲谏，片字只句，颇得温和厚平之旨，固非徒玩弄风月已也。爻辞曰“过其祖，遇其妣，不及其君，遇其臣，即此论之，虽不及上献之于宫闱，或陈之于贵显，当必有风雅相尚者矣，故曰“无咎”。
其角堂主人得此占，大为心喜。
【例】　二十九年六月，朝鲜人朴泳孝，归自美国，访我山庄，曰：朝鲜政府，同志者以王内命，促余归国，余犹疑未决，请为一占，以定行止。筮得《小过》之《恒》。
断曰：爻辞曰“不及其君，已可见促足下归国者，不出于君命，或出自臣下之意也。爻象六二重阴，阳多吉，阴多凶，去恐有祸。且卦体上动下止，贵国政府来召，应外卦之动，内卦《艮》止，已示足下不归之兆。爻象如此，在足下虽故国殷情，还宜自爱，切勿匆匆归去。
朴泳孝闻此占，遂绝归计。后闻朝鲜政府，党类倾轧，廷臣多有以冤罪就刑者。
【例】　三十年，占我国与英国交际，筮得《小过》之《恒》。
断曰：我国与英国，地隔重洋，相距数万里，两国所以联盟者，全藉使臣之通其好耳，即爻辞所云“不及其君，遇其臣”之谓也。就卦位言，内卦属我，外卦属英，二五各居卦中；就卦象言，全卦象取飞鸟，二五为鸟两翼，飞则两翼俱动，足见我两国联合之象，相挟相助，俨同一体，故“无咎”也。

Line-2
Legge: The second line, magnetic, shows its subject passing by her grandfather, and meeting with her grandmother; not attempting anything against her ruler, but meeting her as her minister. There will be no error.
Wilhelm/Baynes: She passes by her ancestor and meets her ancestress. He does not reach his prince and meets the official. No blame.
Blofeld: Passing by the spirit tablets of his ancestors, he encountered the ghost of (or else the tablet of) his late mother. He did not get as far as the Prince but encountered one of the
ministers -- no error!
Liu: He passes over his deceased grandfather and meets his deceased grandmother. He does not reach the king but meets an official. No blame.

Ritsema/Karcher: Exceeding one's grandfather. Meeting one's grandmother. Not extending-to one's chief. Meeting one's servant. Without fault.
Shaughnessy: Surpassing his grandfather, meeting his grandmother: Not reaching his lord, meeting his servant; there is no trouble.
Cleary (1): Passing the grandfather, you meet the mother; not reaching the lord, you meet the retainer. No fault.
Cleary (2): Going past the grandfather, etc. ... you meet the administrator, etc.
Wu: He passes by his grandfather and meets with his grandmother. He does not reach the ruler, but meets with the minister. No error.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: A minister should not overpass the ruler. Wilhelm/Baynes: The official should not wish to surpass the prince. Blofeld: He did not reach the Prince because he was unable to get by the minister. [We fail, but through no fault of ours, to reach as high as we'd hoped.] Ritsema/Karcher: Not extending to one's chief. A servant not permitted Exceeding indeed. Cleary (2): The administrator is not to be surpassed.
Wu: Because the minister should not be bypassed.
Legge: The second line is magnetic but in her proper central place. Her correlate is the magnetic fifth-line ruler of the hexagram. The dynamic lines separating them represent her father and grandfather, but she passes by them to meet with her grandmother in line five. She moves toward the grandmother-ruler not as an enemy, but with the loyal humility of a proper minister.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man fails to meet the chief executive, but goes about his duties among other officials. He does not force his way into the limelight.
Wing: Use whatever common affiliations you have with others to bring you into a secure position. No matter what kind of connection you make, it is the connection itself that is important. Hold as closely as possible, however, to traditional methods.
Editor: Blofeld, Liu, Ritsema/Karcher (and Wilhelm by implication) all state that the "grandfather" and "grandmother" are deceased ancestors. Ritsema/Karcher translate "grandmother" as: "Second ancestor generation ... venerated as source of her many descendants." Psychologically, we can assume that the "ancestral grandmother" relates to a primal Yin archetype. Here, a female (Eros principle) passes by two males (logos
principle) to unite (correctly in this instance) with another yin line -- which also rules the hexagram. Psychologically, the image suggests the subordination of intellect to a deeper source of wisdom within the psyche. A fair paraphrase of the Confucian commentary might be: "Don't exceed your authority." Perhaps a warning to the ego not to impose its

preconceived ideas on the unusual situation portrayed by this line. If this is the only changing line, the corresponding line in the new hexagram, 32 – Consistency, is: Remorse disappears. The relationship between correlate lines in these two hexagrams helps explain each other. Siu’s paraphrase in the latter case is often useful: The man endures by keeping his force of character within the bounds of available power.
The utterances of the heart -- unlike those of the discriminating intellect -- always relate to the whole. The heartstrings sing like an Aeolian harp only to the gentle breath of a premonitory mood, which does not drown the song but listens.
Jung -- The Symbolic Life
A. The intellect defers to the wisdom of the heart.
B. Go with your intuition.
C. Don't get ahead of yourself.

周易第六十二卦九三爻详解详解
九三爻辞
九三。弗过防之，从或戕之，凶。
象曰：从或戕之，凶如何也。
白话文解释
九三：不要过分指责，但要制止他的错误发展，如果听任放纵，反而害了他，必遭凶险。
《象辞》说：听任放纵反而害了他，凶险已极，不可言状。

北宋易学家邵雍解
凶：得此爻者，时运不济，谨防意外。做官的须防小人奸邪之辈所害。

台湾国学大儒傅佩荣解
时运：切勿躁进，自保免祸。
财运：外出经营，盗贼可怕。
家宅：谨防凶祸；小心冤家。
身体：刀伤凶险。

九三变卦

  九三爻动变得周易第16卦：雷地豫。这个卦是异卦（下坤上震）相叠，坤为地，为顺；震为雷，为动。雷依时出，预示大地回春。因顺而动，和乐之源。此卦与谦卦互为综卦，交互作用。

九三爻的哲学含义

小过卦第三爻，九三：弗过防之，从或戕之，凶。爻辞释义
弗过：不要太过。戕：指戕害。
本爻辞的意思是：自恃强盛而不愿过分防备，从而将要为人所害，故有凶。
《象》中指出：“从或戕之”，凶如何也！这是强调：“将要为人所害”，说明面临的危险是多么的严重啊！
占得此爻者，要安于当下的状况，不要因为上面有背景，或有人欣赏自己，就不服不忿，做事不要过度，应时刻警惕有意外之祸危及你。如果你能保持一份清醒，不自恃刚强，不越过中道违背常规，就可免除灾祸。
九三：弗过防之，从或戕之，凶。
象曰：从或戕之，凶如何也。
经文意思是：没有过失也应加以防范，一味跟从别人会有凶险。
象辞意思是：一味跟从别人，这种凶险怎么办呢？

九三：弗过，防之，从或戕之，凶。
《象传》曰：从或戕之，凶如何也。
三处下卦之上，重刚不中，《彖》所谓“不可大事”者，三四当之。且三为多凶之地，过将焉往？故爻曰“弗过”。卦体刚阳，一画横亘其中，有防之象，《艮》，止也，有防之义。防者，止其过也，止其过，即当“弗过”。上互《兑》，《兑》为金刀，有戕之象，三窬防而过，或有从而戕之者矣。“或”虽为未然之事，而其势已岌岌可危，故“凶”。《象传》曰“凶如何也”；谓纯刚既足召祸，强进更必致灾，凶由自取，无如何也。
【占】 问时运：运途不正，谨慎自防，尚可免祸。
○　问营商：贩运出外，防遇盗劫之凶，宜勿前进。
○　问功名：切弗往求，求则有祸。
○　问婚姻：非婚媾，则寇雠也，宜防。
○　问家宅：有凶祸临门，宜谨防之。
○　问疾病：防是刀伤，凶。
○　问失物：不必追寻，方可免灾。
○　问讼事：防干大辟。
○　问六甲：生男，难育。
【例】　横滨商人，桔屋矶兵卫氏来，曰：友人左右田金作，今朝遣店童，送纸币三千元于三井银行，至午后未还，往问三井银行，云并未送来，于是驰人遍索，不得踪迹。请为一占，明示方向。筮得《小过》之《豫》。
断曰：卦体《震》上《艮》下，《艮》为少男，《震》为长男，三爻重刚不中，正当二男之象。辞曰“弗过，防之，从或戕之，凶”，三在内，四在外，言三须谨防，弗过四处，若窬防而过，恐遭戕贼之祸。据此爻象，此人必已遭害，在谋害者，必是相熟之人，非外来之盗贼也。爻在第三，三为鸟身，一时不能飞逸，五爻曰“公弋取彼在穴”，自三至五，为三日，不出三日，凶手必可捕获也。
后三日，果得此死尸于某之米柜中，谋害者名雨宫忠右卫门。捕执拘问，二人系同乡，常相往来，此日该童携三千金币，过忠右之宅，忠右知其赍大金，顿起不良，缢而杀之，夺其金，隐匿尸体于米柜中，以布裹之，意将托邻人而弃诸江云。

Line-3
Legge: The third line, dynamic, shows its subject taking no extraordinary precautions against danger, and some in consequence finding opportunity to assail and injure him. There will be evil.
Wilhelm/Baynes: If one is not extremely careful, somebody may come up from behind and strike him. Misfortune.
Blofeld: Unless he takes appropriate precautions, one of his subordinates may slay him - misfortune!
Liu: If he does not protect himself carefully, someone will stab him in the back. Misfortune.
Ritsema/Karcher: Nowhere Exceeding defending-against it. Adhering, maybe killing it. Pitfall.
Shaughnessy: Not surpassing him but repelling him, following which someone injures him; inauspicious.
Cleary (1): If you do not overcome and forestall it, indulgence will cause harm, which would be unfortunate.
Cleary (2): One does not take precautions in excess, so pursuers attack one. This is unfortunate.
Wu: Ignoring to secure a little excess of protection, he may be fatally wounded. Foreboding.

COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: There will be evil: how great it will be! Wilhelm/Baynes: What a misfortune this is! Blofeld: Were that to happen, it would indeed be misfortune!
Ritsema/Karcher: Wherefore a pitfall thus indeed. Cleary (2): Pursuers attack one. How unfortunate! Wu: How can it not be foreboding?
Legge: The subject of line three is too confident in his own strength, and too defiant of the magnetic enemies that seek to hurt him.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man is disdainful of weak enemies and does not exercise adequate precautions in the face of apparently insignificant signs. He will be hurt.
Wing: This is a warning. Because you are in the right and things have gone smoothly in the past, you may be tempted to overlook details and become overly confident. Dangers are lurking. They can be avoided with Conscientiousness. Take precautions now.
Editor: The "magnetic enemies" are all of the yin lines in the hexagram, seen here as
treacherous adversaries. There is no ambiguity in this line at all -- it is saying in the clearest possible terms to "Watch out!" We are therefore on safe ground when we speak of a personal part of the psyche consisting of the conscious and controllable elements, and a nonpersonal part consisting of those elements not controlled by the conscious I but superordinated to and acting independently of it, often dominating it and forcing it to act contrary to its desires ... A man in this stage of self-consciousness does not realize as a rule that ideas occur to him without his willing them, that actions are
performed through him -- that he is being used by thoughts and impulses arising from something other than his I.
M.E. Harding -- Psychic Energy
A. You are vulnerable to harm -- wake up!
B. You have taken no precautions against the threat of attack from unseen quarters. If you are not extremely careful, you're going to get hurt.

周易第六十二卦九四爻详解详解
九四爻辞
九四。无咎，弗过遇之，往厉必戒。勿用，永贞。
象曰：弗过遇之，位不当也。往厉必戒，终不可长也。
白话文解释
九四：没有过错，不要指责他，但要防止发生错误。前去冒险，则必须立即加以警告，无须乎卜问往后的吉凶。
《象辞》说：不要过份指责，但要防止发生错误，因为九四阳爻处于阴位，像人处境不利，容易出错。前去冒险，必须加以警告，因为明知而故犯，只能加速自己的失败。

北宋易学家邵雍解
平：得此爻者，宜安常守职，不可妄动。

台湾国学大儒傅佩荣解
时运：观察情势，不可妄动。
财运：适可而止，切勿过贪。
家宅：安居为宜；勿急媒聘。
身体：静养心神。

九四变卦

  九四爻动变得周易第15卦：地山谦。这个卦是异卦（下艮上坤）相叠，艮为山，坤为地。地面有山，地卑（低）而山高，是为内高外低，比喻功高不自居，名高不自誉，位高不自傲。这就是谦。

九四爻的哲学含义

小过卦第四爻，九四：无咎，弗过遇之；往厉必戒，勿用，永贞。爻辞释义
本爻辞的意思是：没有过错，凡事不可过分强求，要等他人自愿相遇。若主动前往就会有凶险，务必心存戒惕，不能去施展才用，要永远守中正之道。
从卦象上看，九四以阳爻居阴位，上临六五之君位。九四居不正之位，最好要谨守柔顺之道，不可主动去巴结或是征服六五，以求其重用自己。只应该等六五自己前来“遇之”。在九五面前，不要过于逞能，要保持警惕，永守中正之道，才可平安无事。
《象》中这样分析本爻：“弗过遇之”，位不当也；“往厉必戒”，终不可长也。这里指出：“凡事不可过分强求，要等他人自愿相遇”，因为九四爻以刚居柔位，位置不正；“若主动前往就会有凶险”，是说若主动迎合，最终将不可能长久。
占得此爻者，在工作或感情上都要使自己处于被动之中，坐等时机，不要主动出击，否则难以长久。不要去找领导，去跟他说自己多么有能力，让其重用自己；不要去找恋人，告诉其自己多么优秀，多么喜欢她（他），让其接受自己，这样做都是在自找麻烦，结果难以如你所愿的。
九四：无咎，弗过遇之。往厉必戒，勿用永贞。象曰：弗过遇之，位不当也。往厉必戒，终不可长也。
经文意思是：没有灾难。不要越过，可以相遇，前往有危险一定要戒备，不要过于执著于正道。
象辞意思是：不要越过，可以相遇，是因为九四处的位置不当。前往有危险一定要戒备，说明最终不会长久。

九四：无咎，弗过，遇之。往厉，必戒。勿用，永贞。
《象传》曰：弗过遇之，位不当也。往厉，必戒，终不可长也。
四亦阳刚不中，四处外卦之下，以刚居柔，非若三之重刚在上也，故“无咎”。“弗过遇之”，遇者不期而遇者也。《小过》“不宜上，宜下”，不可前往，往则有危，故曰“往厉必戒”，所以戒其妄动也。《彖》曰“过以利贞，与时行也”，时当夫动，以动为贞，时当夫上，以止为贞，贞在随时，不在固守，故曰“勿用永贞”。《象传》以“位不当”释“弗过遇之”，谓以阳居阴，刚而失位，示弗过五也。以“终不可长”释“往厉，必戒”，谓往则有危，不可长守其正也。此爻九家《 易》谓，四进则遇五，不复过，于卦象最合。汉人言象，固有至当不易者。
【占】 问时运：运以当可之谓时，勿宜妄动轻进。
○　问营商：得可而止，切勿过贪。
○　问功名：不求躁进，自得巷遇之庆，若妄动希荣，恐反遭祸。
○　问战征：四刚而失位，宜勿进攻，乃可无咎。
○　问婚姻：自有良缘，得时则遇，宜勿急急媒聘。
○　问家宅：安居为宜，无用迁移。
○　问六甲：生男。
【例】　友人某来，请占借贷钱财，筮得《小过》之《谦》。
断曰：四处《震》之始，《震》为动，动则思欲前往。自四往上，必先过五，爻曰“弗过”，当自有礼遇，礼遇即在五也。遇则反危，必当戒慎。今占借贷，得《小过》四爻，知足下为借贷而前往。四与五比，不可过也，“弗过”于五，必有相遇于五也。五爻曰“密云不雨”，则大惠必难望矣；又曰“弋取彼在穴”，则小惠当必得也。若越五而往，不特无获，且致危厉，所当自戒。

Line-4
Legge: The fourth line, dynamic, shows its subject falling into no error, but meeting the exigency of his situation without exceeding in his natural course. If he goes forward, there will be peril, and he must be cautious. There is no occasion to be using firmness perpetually.

Wilhelm/Baynes: No blame. He meets him without passing by. Going brings danger. One must be on guard. Do not act. Be constantly persevering. [Hardness of character is tempered by yielding position, so that no mistakes are made.]
Blofeld: No error! Instead of passing him by, he accosts him. Advancing now entails dangers which have to be guarded against. This is not a time for action, but for unwavering determination.
Liu: He meets things without excessive reactions. No blame. He will meet danger if he advances. There must be caution. Do not continue.
Ritsema/Karcher: Without fault. Nowhere Exceeding meeting it. Going adversity necessarily warning. No availing-of perpetual Trial.
Shaughnessy: There is no trouble. Not surpassing him, but meeting him; to go is dangerous, there necessarily being a revolt. Do not herewith determine permanently.
Cleary (1): No fault. Do not dally with it too much; it is dangerous to go on. Caution is necessary. Don’t persist forever.
Cleary (2): No fault, meeting here without excess. To go is dangerous; it is necessary to be cautious and not do it. Always be correct.
Wu: There will be no blame, when he encounters a chance meeting with someone without exceeding the spirit of small excess. Any excessive effort must be curtailed. Nor it is proper to be persevering.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: The position is inappropriate for a dynamic line. If he goes forward the result would be that his course would not be long pursued. Wilhelm/ Baynes: The place is not the appropriate one. Blofeld: Accosting someone instead of passing him by is now inappropriate or, is indicated by the unsuitable position of this line. The danger of going forward and the need for precaution imply that we should not continue long in our present course. Ritsema/ Karcher: Situation not appropriate indeed. Going adversity necessarily warning. Completing not permitting long-living indeed. Cleary (2): The position is not right. After all, it cannot last. Wu: This means that his position is improper. Because it will not last.
Legge: Line four is dynamic, but the exercise of his strength is tempered by his position in a magnetic place. He is warned however, to continue quiet and restrain himself.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man exercises restraint and caution. He meets the exigencies of the situation without exceeding the natural bounds.

Wing: Caution: Do not forge ahead toward your goals or force issues at this time. Stay low and remain inwardly persevering.
Editor: The image portrays a dynamic minister who might be inclined to surpass his magnetic ruler, but who is counseled to temper his impulse to advance. "He meets him without passing by" in Wilhelm's translation is another way of saying not to ignore the danger in the situation. Legge's rendering: "There is no occasion to be using firmness perpetually," Ritsema/Karcher's: "No availing-of perpetual Trial," and Shaughnessy’s "Do not herewith determine permanently," all contradict Wilhelm, Blofeld and Liu, who translate constant perseverance. The logic of the imagery and Confucian commentary argue for this latter rendering, though the circumstances of your query may leave the other interpretation open for consideration. Indeed, Cleary’s Taoist and Buddhist translations offer each version! To put it in psychological terms, it is the unawareness of danger that constitutes the greatest threat to one who is assailed by an uprush of primitive libido from the unconscious. If he could see the threat or temptation clearly enough to call it by its true name, half the battle would be won.
M.E. Harding -- Psychic Energy
A. Don't get ahead of yourself or exceed your authority. Unilateral action is inappropriate.
B. "Modesty is the best policy."

周易第六十二卦九五爻详解详解
六五爻辞
六五。密云不雨，自我西郊。公弋取彼在穴。
象曰：密云不雨，已上也。
白话文解释
六五：在我西郊的上空，云气密布，降雨在即。王公本是去射鸟，可是在洞穴捉到野兽。
《象辞》说：云气密布，降雨在即，因为雨云已聚集在空中。

北宋易学家邵雍解
平：得此爻者，不利谋事，守旧为佳。做官的有告休之危。

台湾国学大儒傅佩荣解
时运：平淡之时，难成大事。
财运：小利可得，不必多想。
家宅：小康之家；恐非正娶。
身体：针灸可治。

六五变卦

  六五爻动变得周易第31卦：泽山咸。这个卦是异卦（下艮上兑）相叠。艮为山；泽为水。兑柔在上，艮刚在下，水向下渗，柔上而刚下，交相感应。感则成。

九五爻的哲学含义

小过卦第五爻，爻辞：六五：密云不雨，自我西郊；公弋取彼在穴。爻辞释义
弋：指带绳子的箭。这里含有诚心追访之意。穴：穴居，这里指隐士。
本爻辞的意思是：从西郊而来的乌云密布在天空，却不能降雨。王公们用细绳系在箭上射取那些藏在穴中的野兽。
从卦象上看，六五属于阴爻居于君位，失位，喻指治国能力很差。“密云不雨，自我西郊”，在古人看来，云彩自西向东，是不会下雨的。
《象》中这样分析本爻：密云不雨，已上也。这里指出：“乌云密布在天空而不下雨”，是因为阴气超过了阳气，阴阳不合，故而不能化雨。这就像君主虽然是一国之君，却不能恩泽于天下一样。这个时候，就应该像打猎一样去寻访那些能人和隐士前来辅佐，去与阳气遇合，从而使天下得到治理。
占得此爻者，你虽处于领导之位，但是你的能力有限，所以当下之急，是寻找有能力的人来辅佐自己。若是在婚恋方面，也是要寻找与自己互补的人。占得此爻者，你希望做成的事正在酝酿之中，要耐心等待，切记冒进行事。
六五：密云不雨，自我西郊，公弋取波在穴。
象曰：密云不雨，已上也。

六五：密云不雨，自我西郊。公弋取彼在穴。
《象传》曰：密云不雨，已上也。
“密云不雨”，与《小畜》《彖》辞同，言其不能济大事，即《彖》辞所云“不可大事”之义也。六五以阴居尊，阴之盛也，阴盛则有云雨之象。五互《兑》为密，故曰“密云”；《兑》又属西，故曰“西郊”；上《震》下《艮》，《震》动而《艮》止之，故曰“不雨”。盖《小过》盛阴在外，阳气伏藏，是以密云而不雨也。云之占自东而西则雨，自西而东则不雨，故曰“自我西郊”。《易》例，大事称王，小事称公，《小过》“可小事，不可大事”，故曰“公”“穴”。卦自《坎》来，《坎》为隐伏，穴之象，《坎》又为弓，为弧，弋之象。弋所以取飞鸟也，故曰“公弋取彼在穴”。“密云不雨”，是“不可大事”也；弋取在穴，是“可小事”也。“不宜上”，故云在上而不雨，宜于下，故穴在下而可弋。五为卦主，故《彖》之旨，皆于五发之。《象传》曰“已上也”，亦即以释《彖》“不宜上”之意也。
【占】 问时运：运途平平，难成大事，只可小受。
○　问营商：小利可占。
○　问功名：伏处山林，当有弓旌下逮。
○　问战征：敌于山穴中，设有埋伏，宜先攻取之。
○　问婚姻：是钻穴隙以相从者，非正娶也。
○　问天时：大旱。
○　问失物：当就穴地中觅之。
○　问疾病：宜用针刺之法治之。
○　问六甲：生男。
【例】　三十年，占陆军省气运，筮得《小过》之《咸》。
断曰：云行雨施者，动象也，《震》动而《艮》止之，故有云而不雨。《艮》为穴，《震》为逐，象弋取，是穴在下，而《震》取之，即《彖》“宜下”之谓也。爻象谓雨不下降，是“不可大事”；谓穴而可取，是为可以小事。今占陆军气运，得此爻辞，陆为旱地，本不取雨。西方属金，金兵象，我国居东，兵必西行，西郊正行兵之地也。穴亦陆地，可以伏兵，“公”指陆军之大臣也。弋本军政所必需，或于军隙之暇，猎彼山野，弋取飞鸟，以供军食。弋本小事，无不可也，知本年陆军，无大动作，可相安无事也。

Line-5
Legge: The fifth line, magnetic, suggests the idea of dense clouds, but no rain, coming from our borders in the west. It also shows the prince shooting his arrow, and taking the bird in a cave.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Dense clouds, no rain from our western territory. The prince shoots and hits him who is in the cave. [The man in the cave is line two. The word for shooting means shooting with an arrow attached to a line for the purpose of dragging in the game that has been shot. The connection arises from the fact that the present line and the second line are related through similarity of kind.]
Blofeld: Dense clouds come from the western outskirts, but no rain falls. The prince shoots an arrow and hits someone in a cave.
Liu: Heavy clouds come from the west, but no rain. What the duke shoots he takes from the cave.
Ritsema/Karcher: Shrouding clouds, not raining. Originating- from my Western suburbs. A prince, a string-arrow grasping another located-in a cave.

Shaughnessy: The dense clouds do not rain from our western pasture; the duke shoots and takes the skin in the cavern.
Cleary (1): Dense clouds not raining come from my neighborhood. The ruler shoots another in a cave.
Cleary (2): Dense clouds do not rain, coming from one’s western province. The prince shoots, catching the quarry in the den.
Wu: There are dense clouds, but no rain coming from our western countryside. The duke gets what is in the cave with an arrow tied to a string. [This implies that he solicits and gets the assistance of his correlate, the second yin line.]
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: There are dense clouds, but no rain -- the line is in too high a place.
Wilhelm/Baynes: He is already above. Blofeld: Dense clouds and no rain points to their having risen too high. [Something which could have been of great help to us passes us by.] Ritsema/Karcher: Above climaxing indeed. Cleary (2): (The clouds) have already risen. Wu: The clouds have been blown away by high winds.
Legge: Line five, though in the ruler's seat, is magnetic, and incapable of doing anything great. It is a yin line, and too high. If the line were yang, the auspice would be different. He is called the prince because of the ruler's seat, and the bird in the cave that he captures is the subject of line two.
Anthony: To distrust our path is to distrust the Sage who guides us. We cannot make our way in the hidden world alone; we need the Sage’s help, which can only be obtained through a modest acceptance of our fate.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: Because of the lack of able helpers, the prince is unsuccessful in his attempts to set the world in order. He searches intently for the required talents among those who have retired from the public scene. The right man with a demonstrated record of achievement is finally found and the difficult task completed.
Wing: Your strength is adequate to bring forth that which you desire, but your position is not appropriate. You will need help from others. Modestly seek such assistance from qualified people and you can accomplish your aim.
Editor: There are two sets of images here -- the first suggests an accumulation of latent energy and the second the grasp of something concealed. Rain symbolizes the union of
heaven and earth -- the connection between higher and lower, inner and outer. Dense clouds therefore represent a buildup of unreleased tension: union has yet to be accomplished. The arrow shot into the cave with a line attached to it traditionally symbolizes the link between this line’s magnetic second-line correlate. (Meditation on the

differences between the two lines and their respective messages is often useful in discerning subtle ego/Self relationships.) The arrow suggests discrimination or
comprehension -- to shoot an arrow into the heart of something is a conscious, active attempt to pierce its essence, to comprehend it. To shoot into the darkness of a cave symbolizes seeking comprehension of what is unknown or unconscious; it can also suggest
"a shot in the dark" -- a guess. Only Legge identifies the target as a bird – the other translations are less specific: the object is “something or someone” hidden from consciousness. As a creature of the air, a bird represents thoughts, ideas, concepts, intelligible answers, etc., so this often applies in the interpretation. (Note how central the bird symbol is in this hexagram.) The line suggests one seeking comprehension of an
unknown situation or process and receiving relatively little satisfaction -- the answer is out of reach ("too high") in the imagery of the Confucian commentary. If this is the only changing line, the new hexagram created is Number 31, Influence, which often carries the connotation of “importuning” – suggesting that perhaps you are seeking information which the oracle has no intention of providing, or you are incapable of understanding at this stage: it’s too high, it’s beyond you. (See commentary on Hex 31 for more details.) Also compare this line with the virtually identical message in the Judgement of Hexagram 9: ’The Taming Power of the Small has success. Dense clouds, no rain from our western region.’ This repetition of the theme of ’smallness’ (in all of its possible connotations) is useful to contemplate here. Thus does the Archer hunt his quarry, for as the huntsman seeks to kill his prey for food, so does the (Self) seek out conscious contact with its projection (the ego) for similar reasons, for the fully illuminated man is he who is dead to the domination of the lower worlds, using his vehicles in the lower worlds for the ends of his higher nature.
Gareth Knight -- Qabalistic Symbolism
A. A build-up of tension without release: You are groping in the dark. Play it by ear until the situation clarifies. Don’t get ahead of yourself.
B. The answer to your question is beyond your present ability to comprehend.

周易第六十二卦上九爻详解详解
上六爻辞
上六。弗遇过之，飞鸟离之，凶。是谓灾眚。
象曰：弗遇过之，已亢也。
白话文解释
上六：不加制之，因而犯下过失，好比飞鸟钻入罗网，凶险啊，这叫做灾难。。
《象辞》说：不加制止，因而犯下过失，正如上六阴爻位象所示，其人太猖狂了。

北宋易学家邵雍解
凶：得此爻者，时运不佳，不知退守，过刚则折。

台湾国学大儒傅佩荣解
时运：不知退守，自取其祸。
财运：时机不对，无得有失。
家宅：离散之象；小心奸计。
身体：凶险之病，速求良医。

上六变卦

  上六爻动变得周易第56卦：火山旅。这个卦是异卦（下艮上离）相叠。此卦与丰卦相反，互为“综卦”。山中燃火，烧而不止，火势不停地向前蔓延，如同途中行人，急于赶路。因而称旅卦。

上九爻的哲学含义

小过卦第六爻，爻辞：上六：弗遇过之；飞鸟离之，凶，是谓灾眚。爻辞释义
灾眚：天降殃祸谓之灾，人为之祸谓之眚。
本爻辞的意思是：没有相遇，越过去了，飞鸟陷入罗网，有凶祸。这就是天灾人祸。
《象》中这样分析本爻：“弗遇过之”，已亢也。这里指出：“没有相遇，越过去了”，是指其过分已达到极点，再危险不过了。
占得此爻者，一定要懂得谦退自抑的道理，你可能很有能力，可能是公司或单位的元老级人物，但是因为与现任领导关系不好，你若是在没有得到支持的情况下，还要自行其事，必会遇到麻烦。如果你不听劝阻，执意要去做不合常理的事，那就如飞鸟投身罗网一样，你是咎由自取。
上六：弗遇过之，飞鸟离之，凶，是谓灾眚。
象曰：弗遇过之，已亢也。
经文意思是：没有相遇而是超过了，飞鸟被网住，凶险，这真是灾祸。

上六：弗遇过之，飞鸟离之，凶，是谓灾眚。
《象传》曰：弗遇过之，已亢也。
上爻重阴不中，居全卦之极，上与初为终始，故初曰“飞鸟”，上亦曰“飞鸟”。四曰“弗过遇之”，上曰“弗遇过之”，其义大反。“弗过”者，谓弗过于五，而自得所遇，遇则无咎也；“弗遇”者，谓不过于五，而复欲遇之，遇则必凶也。位处卦外，象为鸟翼，与初并飞，初当始飞，已知其凶，上则其飞己极，故凶尤甚。罗网高张，欲脱不得，《诗》所咏“鱼网之设，鸿则离之”是也。以亢致灾，违“不宜上”之戒也，故《象传》即以“亢”释之。
【占】 问时运：高而愈危，进而愈厉，不知退守，凶由自取也。
○　问功名：躁进取祸。
○　问营商：既不遇时，又复妄进，必致取败。
○　问战征：凡行军前进，不遇敌兵，知敌军必于暗地设伏，宜即退军，否则必陷险难。
○　问婚姻：防坠奸媒之计。
○　问六甲：生男。
【例】　友人某来，请占其子疾病，筮得《小过》之《旅》。
断曰：卦象似飞鸟，上为鸟翼，鸿毛遇顺风，飞鸟之所顾也，乃不遇而复过之，是鸟之飞而不止者，取凶之道也。今足下占子病，得此爻辞，上处《震》之极，《震》为长子，知足下必长子患病，爻象重阴不中，知病必是过寒之症，医者不察其过寒，而复以寒凉之剂进之，是以病愈凶也。鸟离罗网，是谓活捕，尚未致死，其病犹可望生。此爻已终，下卦《既济》，《既济》者，谓得济夫险也，如此则病又可挽回矣。

Line-6
Legge: The sixth line, magnetic, shows its subject not meeting the exigency of her situation, and exceeding her proper course. It suggests the idea of a bird flying far aloft. There will be evil. The case is one of calamity and self-inflicted injury.
Wilhelm/Baynes: He passes him by, not meeting him. The flying bird leaves him. Misfortune. This means bad luck and injury.
Blofeld: Instead of accosting him, he passed him by, The bird flew away from him -misfortune in the form of natural calamity and deliberate injury.

Liu: He passes over someone, not meeting him. The birds fly away. Misfortune. There will be disaster.
Ritsema/Karcher: Nowhere meeting, Exceeding it. Flying bird radiating it. Pitfall. That designates Calamity and Blunder.
Shaughnessy: Not meeting him, but surpassing him; the flying bird is netted in it; inauspicious. This is called calamitous imperfection.
Cleary (1): Don’t overstay here. The flying bird is gone. This is called calamity.
Cleary (2): The flying birds leave. This is unfortunate. This is called calamity.
Wu: He meets with no one even though he applies the spirit of small excess. Like a bird flying away from other birds, he is alone. Foreboding. It will be catastrophic.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: The position indicates the habit of domineering. Wilhelm/
Baynes: He is already arrogant. Blofeld: The first sentence suggests that we behave too arrogantly. Ritsema/Karcher: Climaxing overbearing indeed. Cleary (2): Passing by without meeting is because of arrogance. Wu: Because he is too arrogant.
Legge: Line six is magnetic at the top of the trigram of Movement. She is possessed by the idea of the hexagram to an extreme degree, and is incapable of keeping herself under restraint.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man does not know how to control his preoccupation with trivia. His overshooting and restlessly pressing on bring disappointment and calamity to himself and his people.
Wing: Your ambitions may be too great. In an aggressive attempt to reach an unrealistic goal you will meet with disaster.
Editor: Wilhelm and Blofeld both translate "domineering" as "arrogance," thus creating an image of rising above one's proper station (exceeding the mean) through overconfidence or pride. If we accept the universal symbol of the bird as emblematic of thoughts or thought processes, the line becomes a commentary on the dangers of excessive intellectualism. Compare this line with the sixth line of hexagram number fifty-six. Wherever there is identity, as we have seen, there is compulsiveness. When we are identical with a drive we never question why we are moving or where we are going: there is only automatic response to an impulse. This state of compulsiveness, moreover, gives us the feeling of being carried by a tremendous force of energy, in much the same way that an automobile going at the speed of

eighty miles an hour may give us a feeling of exhilaration: We are really going fast now! This exhilaration, this unquestioning feeling of assurance that "I'm really going, and I'm going fine and well" is called inflation.
E.C. Whitmont -- The Symbolic Quest
A. You have missed the mark. Arrogance or overconfidence have put your head in the clouds.
March 26, 2001, 4/25/06, 10/17/09, 12/6/09, 10/26/10