46 · 地风升

升卦原文

升。元亨。用见大人，勿恤，南征吉。

象曰：地中生木，升。君子以顺德，积小以高大。

白话文解释

升卦：非常亨通，有利于会见王公贵族，不用担忧。占得此爻，出征南方吉利。

《象辞》说：本卦外卦为坤，坤为地；内卦为巽，巽为木。可见木植于地中，是升卦的卦象。君子观此卦象，从而遵循德义，加强修养，从细小起步，逐步培育崇高的品德。

《断易天机》解

升卦坤上巽下，为震宫四世卦。升卦的意思就是上升、长进，为出暗向明，积小成大的亨达之象。

北宋易学家邵雍解

升腾上进，畅行其志；出暗向明，遂渐升进。

得此卦者，运气升腾，诸事皆积极向上发展，谋事有成，名利双收。

台湾国学大儒傅佩荣解

时运：大地春回，日益高升。

财运：储蓄积财，可成富人。

家宅：改造大厦；以妾作嫡。

身体：肝火渐旺，早些调养。

传统解卦

这个卦是异卦（下巽上坤）相叠。坤为地、为顺；巽为木、为逊。大地生长树木，逐渐成长，日渐高大成材，喻事业步步高升，前程远大，故名“升”。

大象：树木从地上不断向上，有进升之势。

运势：名利双收，发展开运之象，宜向南方发展。

事业：十分顺利，不断发展，依时而进，逐步上升，前程远大，但应逐步发展，切莫因顺利而冒进。谨慎小心，修养德行，追随有德行的前辈，真诚对待事业。

经商：遵守商业道德，从小处着手，逐渐开拓，通过自己的勤劳，真诚竞争，稳重为好，切莫冒失而成大错。

求名：努力学习，加强修养，以自己的聪明才智，必能得志，若有人引荐，前途更为广阔。但应注意节制。

婚恋：双方以诚相待，逐步培养情感，一定可以成功。

决策：如意随愿。聪明、灵活、具有良好的成功基础，严格要求自己，谦虚和顺，虚心向长辈求教，逐步、稳健地发展自己的事业，将犹如树木的成长，终于会成栋梁之才。但在成长过程中，务必处处谨慎，坚持真诚和正直，大胆前进。

第四十六卦的哲学含义

升卦卦象，地风升卦的象征意义

升卦，这个卦是异卦相叠，下卦为巽，上卦坤。巽为风，在下。坤为地，在上。风在地下发挥不出风的真正威力，只有从地下上升到地上，才能发挥出威力。

风在地下，如同有才干的人在人群中不容易被发现一样，只有提升上来才能发挥出才干。从这个角度来看，升的含义，就是把有才干的人提升到应有的岗位上。

坤为地、为顺；巽为木、为逊。大地生长树木，逐渐地成长，日渐高大成材，喻事业步步高升，前程远大，故名“升”。

升卦位于萃卦之后，《序卦》中这样解释道：“聚而上者谓之升，故受之以升。”聚集之后往上发展的，就是升进，所以接着出现了升卦。

《象》中这样解释升卦：地中生木，升；君子以顺德，积小以高大。这里指出：升卦的卦象是巽（风）下坤（地）上，而巽又象征高大树木，这样就成为地里边生长树木之表象。树木由矮小到高大，象征上升；与此相应，君子通过顺应自然规律来培养自己的品德，积累微小的进步来塑造高大完美的人格。

升卦象征着柔顺谦虚，代表着上升，属于上上卦。《象》曰：士人来占必得名，生意买卖也兴隆，匠艺逢之交易好，农间庄稼亦收成。

46　地风升（䷭）-高岛易断

卦体《坤》上《巽》下，按《坤》辰在未，未土也，故坤为地，《巽》辰在巳，上值轸，轸主风，故《巽》为风。陆绩云，“风土气也”，《巽》为《坤》所生，故风从地而起，即庄子所云“大块嘘气，其名为风”也。地上风下，盖风起自地下，顷刻而行于天上，有《升》之象。《升》为十二月之卦，阴气下凝，阳气上升，此其时焉。此卦所以名地风《升》也。

升：元亨。用见大人，勿恤。南征吉。

▲　金文升

▲　篆书升

卦象由《巽》升《坤》，故曰《升》。《巽》本“小亨”，“元”者，《坤》之“元”，得夫坤元之气，故曰“元亨”。“大人”谓二，《巽》《传》曰“利见”，此曰“用见”，谓不升则不得见，用升而后可见也，故曰“用见”。得见大人，则大人必相与同升，自可无恤。“南征”者，出幽入明之谓也。《巽》之往《坤》，《坤》之往《巽》，皆必历于南，譬如日月之升，皆南征，而其降也，皆北行，故曰“南征吉”。

《彖传》曰：柔以时升，巽而顺，刚中而应，是以大亨。用见大人，勿恤，有庆也。南征吉，志行也。

《巽》位在巳，《坤》位在申，其升也，历时而渐进，故曰“柔以时升”。阴始于《巽》，而终于《坤》，柔莫柔于《巽》矣。《巽·彖传》曰“柔顺乎刚”，《坤·彖传》曰“柔顺利贞”，是所谓“巽而顺”也。二为《升》之主，刚而得中，二五相应，谓之“刚中而应”，其亨是以大也。王制升诸司徒，升诸司马，皆为大人，得以用见，是可“勿恤”。柔依刚而立，初得二而《升》之基益固，而《升》之道乃亨，故曰“有庆”。阳称庆，庆在初也。《巽》属东南，《坤》属西南，自下升上，必历《离》之南，乃交于《坤》，南为阳明之方，故“征吉”。得其吉而升之，志于是乎遂，故曰“志行也。”

以此卦拟人事，是人之屈者求伸，穷者求达也，然屈伸穷达，有时存焉。刚主动，柔主静，“柔以时升”，当静以待时焉。《巽》柔也，《坤》亦柔也，无刚以作其气，则柔弱不能自树，其何以升哉！故必应以刚中，柔乃得依刚以为立，即《巽》《彖传》所谓“刚巽乎中正而志行”者也，其亨可谓大矣。凡人之求升，必藉大人为之先导，引而进之，登而用之，皆大人之力也，然必先见之，而后得邀其赏识。“用见”者，进见之谓也，举不举未可知也，故不谓之“利见”。然以时而见，必以时而升，当有庆焉，可无忧也。昔吕望之于文王，相见于渭南，孔明之于先主，相见于南阳，南征之吉，是其证也。三代之英，有志得逮，大道之行，人事之亨也。《巽》为风，《坤》为用，正风云际会，用之则行之时也。

以此卦拟国家，《升》为升平也，所谓道隆德隆，国家全盛之时也。其卦自《萃》来，《萃》则得民，得民则国治，国治而后天下平，是治道之大亨也，故《升》曰“元亨”。然一治一乱，时为之也，时未可《升》，宜静以俟之，不宜躁进。“巽而顺”，谓《坤》顺以承天也；“刚中而应”，谓《巽》刚以应时也。得其时，则贤能登进，俊杰超迁，允升天子之阶，用布永清之化，君臣一德，风行俗美，在正时也。“大人”者，恭己面南之大人也，当阳出治，天下之士，咸皆怀抱利器，愿期一见之为荣，斯士无被黜之忧，朝有得人之庆。《说卦传》所云“帝出乎震，齐乎巽，相见乎离”，《离》南方也，故“南征吉”。卦以二五为刚中相应，二曰“有喜”，五曰“大得志”，即可见万年有道，升平之象也。

通观此卦，卦名取地风，卦象取地木，风从地而起，木自地而出；《巽》为风，亦为木，木与风，其为《升》一也。《升》反《萃》，《萃》《坤》居下，为群众之象，《升》则举于众，而登之民上，是古者论秀书升之制也，故反《萃》为《升》。《彖》辞曰“用见”，曰“征吉”，谓贤士怀抱道德，乐为世用也；曰“大亨”，曰“有庆”，谓朝廷任用俊彦，得奏时雍也。往见者在士，举而用之者在大人，故士之吉，即为大人之吉，大人之“有庆”，亦即为士之庆也。柔依刚而能立，志得《坤》而斯行，《象》曰“积小以高大”，譬如升高，必自卑而登，譬如升阶，必由下而进，盖有愈升而愈上者矣。其大旨惟在“柔以时升”，先时则躁，后时则悔，皆失《升》进之道也。士者出而用世，审时其至要也。《易》之作也，多在殷周之际，周室王化之行，始于二南，所谓征南，是明证也。爻象内三爻为《巽》，初“合志”，二“有喜”，三无疑，是《升》之得其人、得其道也。外三爻为《坤》，四曰“山”，五曰“阶”，六曰“冥”，是《升》有其地、有其时也。总之，二为大人，五应之，则升阶以见；初得允吉，四应之，则恭顺以事；三尚可《升》，六应之，则其《升》已极。卦体《坤》《巽》皆柔，如木初出，枝条柔软，及其干霄直上，自然刚健不屈，所谓“巽而顺，刚中而应”者也。

《大象》曰：地中生木，升。君子以顺德，积小以高大。

地中生木，当其萌孽始生，藐乎小矣，及至蔽日干霄，其高大不可限量，盖不知几经岁月，得以积累而至此也。顺德以《坤》为极，《巽》柔在下，《坤》顺在上，由《巽》升《坤》，非积不能。君子法之，以顺其德，积小高大，德必日新而日懋也。人以此而树木者，君子即以此而树德焉。

【占】　问时运：得春生之气，运途当日进日盛。

○　问功名：有指日高升之象。

○　问营商：积累锱铢，可渐成富饶巨室。

○　问战征：宜平地架列木梯，可以登高攻城。

○　问婚姻：顺为妇德，有以妾作嫡之象。

○　问家宅：此宅初时低小，近将改造大厦。

○　问疾病：是肝木春旺之症，若不顺气宽养，势将日积日重，颇为可危。

○　问货价：有逐步腾贵之象。

○　问秋收：风雨调顺，年谷丰登。

○　问行人：一路顺风，且积蓄颇丰。

○　问六甲：生女。

Judgment

Legge: Pushing Upward means successful progress. Have no anxiety about meeting with the great man. An advance to the south is fortunate.

Wilhelm/Baynes: Pushing Upward has supreme success. One must see the great man. Fear not. Departure toward the south brings good fortune.

Blofeld: Ascending. Supreme success! It is essential to see a great man, so as to banish anxiety. Progressing towards the south brings good fortune.

Liu: Ascending. Great Success. One should see a great man. Without fear. An expedition to the south leads to good fortune.

Ritsema/Karcher: Ascending, Spring Growing. Availing-of visualizing Great People. No cares. The South, chastising significant. [This hexagram describes your situation in terms of rising to a higher level. It emphasizes that setting a higher goal and working toward it step by step is the adequate way to handle it. To be in accord with the time, you are told to: ascend!]

Shaughnessy: Ascending: Prime receipt; beneficial to see the great man. Do not pity. For the southern campaign, auspicious.

Cleary(1): Rising is greatly developmental; it calls for seeing a great person, so there will be no grief. An expedition south brings good fortune.

Cleary (2): Rising is very successful, etc.

Wu: Ascension indicates great pervasion. It will be useful to see the great man. No anxiety. It will be auspicious to go south.

The Image

Legge: Wood growing in the earth -- the image of Pushing Upward. The superior man accumulates small increments of virtue until it becomes high and great.

Wilhelm/Baynes: Within the earth, wood grows: the image of Pushing Upward. Thus the superior man of devoted character heaps up small things in order to achieve something high and great.

Blofeld: This hexagram symbolizes tress growing upwards from the earth. The Superior Man most willingly accords with virtuous ways; starting from small things, he accumulates a great heap of merit.

Liu: The wood grows in the earth, symbolizing Ascending. The superior man devotes his virtue to building things up from the small to the high and great.

Ritsema/Karcher: Earth center giving-birth-to wood. Ascending. A chun tzu uses yielding to actualize-tao. A chun tzu uses amassing the small to use the high great. [Actualize-tao: ...ability to follow the course traced by the ongoing process of the cosmos... Linked with acquire, TE: acquiring that which makes a being become what it is meant to be.]

Cleary (1): Trees grow on the earth, rising. Thus do superior people follow virtue, accumulating the small to lofty greatness.

Wu: Trees grow from earth; this is Ascension. Thus the Jun zi diligently cultivates his virtues little by little to become tall and large like trees growing.

COMMENTARY

Confucius/Legge: The magnetic line ascends as opportunity permits. We have Flexibility, Obedience and a dynamic line below with his magnetic correlate above: this

means successful progress. See the great man -- his will is accomplished in the south.

Legge: The character for this hexagram means advancing in an upward direction, or ascending. The figure symbolizes the promotion of an able officer to the highest pinnacle of distinction. The action of the dynamic second line is tempered by being in the magnetic central position of the lower trigram. As the representative of Pushing Upward he is forceful, yet modest and the magnetic fifth line ruler welcomes his advance. The officer therefore has the qualities that fit him to ascend as well as a favorable opportunity to do so. After he has met with the "great man" in line five, advance to the south will be fortunate. Chu Hsi says that this is equivalent to "advancing forwards.” Since the south is the region of brightness and warmth, the progress will be easy and agreeable. The lower trigram symbolizes Wood, and its weak first line is the root of a tree buried in the earth of the upper trigram. The gradual growth of this root pushes the trunk upward as the circumstances of time permit.

NOTES AND PARAPHRASES

Judgment: Ascend in accordance with the will of the Self. Turn toward clarity.

The Superior Man grows a little every day. The image of the 46th hexagram is of a plant growing in the earth, gradually pushing upward toward the sun. That "an advance to the south is fortunate" means that as all plants turn southward toward the sun, their source of nourishment, so should we turn toward the light and clarity of the "great man" or Self within us. The upward advancement of the Work is an organic process. There is no such thing as "instant enlightenment." The many stories and parables of instant Satori which are common in the Zen Buddhist tradition are actually just dramatic accounts of the final few moments' resolution that come after a lifetime of slow and patient devotion. The Work

progresses at the pace of a tree -- what started out as an acorn eventually becomes a forest giant, but it doesn't happen overnight. Remember ever that Mind in its entirety is ever the Builder. For it is step by step, line upon line, precept upon precept, here a little, there a little, that the attaining is accomplished in the mental, the spiritual, the material applications of an entity in this material world.

Edgar Cayce – Book of Changes This slow growth is an accumulation of countless "gathering togethers" as depicted in the preceding hexagram, of which Pushing Upward is the upside-down image. It is estimated that an adult human being grows from a single cell to about one-hundred billion cells through a process of fifty-billion mitotic divisions. It is interesting to observe that "one-hundred-billion" is the scientific estimate of the number of stars in any given galaxy.

If we apply the Hermetic Axiom: "As above, so below" to this relationship of macrocosm to microcosm we get the image of our solar system as a single atom in the "body" of a galactic entity. That should put the Work into perspective! Understand that thou art a second little world and that the sun and the moon are within thee, and also the stars.

Origen -- Homiliae in Leviticum