Hexagram 13 · 天火同人

同人卦原文
同人。同人于野，亨。利涉大川，利君子贞。

象曰：天与火，同人；君子以类族辨物。

白话文解释
同人卦：聚众于郊外，将行大事，吉利。有利于涉水渡河，有利于君子的卜问。
《象辞》说：同人之卦，上卦为乾为天为君王，下卦为离为火为臣民，上乾下离象征君王上情下达，臣民下情上达，君臣意志和同，这是同人的卦象。君子观此卦象，取法于火，明烛天地，照亮幽隐，从而去分析物类，辨明情状。
《断易天机》解
同人卦乾上离下，为离宫归魂卦。同人卦象征交结情深，两人契义，同心断金。主所求皆得，事事称心。

北宋易学家邵雍解
人类相亲，与人和同；所求皆得，无不称心。
得此卦者，吉祥如意，与人合作共事更佳，上下同心，谋事有成。

台湾国学大儒傅佩荣解
时运：朋友支持，升迁顺利。
财运：合资有利，可以进取。
家宅：合家欢喜。
身体：燥热之症，另求良医。

传统解卦
这个卦是异卦（下离上乾）相叠，乾为天，为君；离为火，为臣民百姓，上天下火，火性上升，同于天，上下和同，同舟共济，人际关系和谐，天下大同。
大象：二人同心，其利断金，君子正心诚意，与人和同之象。
运势：如意吉祥，与人共事，上下皆和，又得长辈提拔。
事业：顺利、平安，尤其是在与他人的合作方面会十分成功，宜广泛开展人际活动，建立广泛的联系，克服狭隘的门户之见，照顾各方面的利益，求大同，存小异，坚持正确的原则，必能成就大事业。
经商：以真诚合作、精诚团结的态度与同行共事，公平竞争，必可获得自己应得的利益。
求名：自己必须刻苦努力，尤其要取得师长和志同道合的朋友指教、帮助，自己虚心进取，完全能够达到目的。
婚恋：多情、善交际，认识的异性朋友多，故需慎重选择，注意维护双方关系和家庭和睦。
决策：性格开朗、乐观，为人热情，人际关系好，社交能力强，要善于同他人合作，尤其要协调多方面的关系，要有原则性，与不良风气斗争，有魄力，敢作敢为，富有自我奉献精神，并具有统御能力，适于担任一定的负责。

第十三卦的哲学含义 

天火同人卦是异卦相叠而成，下卦为离，上卦为乾。乾为天，为阳，高高在上，把光明洒向人间，给人带来光明，带来温暖。离为火，在下，火光熊熊，也能给人带来光明，带来温暖。由此可见，太阳和火两者的位置虽然不同，但是作用却是一样，可谓是志同道合，由此称为同人。
《象》曰：天与火，同人；君子以类族辨物。这是告诉人们说，君子要明白物以类聚，人以群分的道理，明辨事物，求同存异，团结众人以治理天下。
同人卦象征上下和同，属于中上卦。《象》中这样来断此卦：心中有事犯猜疑，谋望从前不着实，幸遇明人来指引，诸般忧闷自消之。

13.天火同人(䷌)-高岛易断
《同人》一卦，《离》下《乾》上，故合为“
”字，有光明上际溥见之象。《乾》天也，《离》火也，天气上升，火性炎上，与天同也，故为《同人》。按《同人》之卦，上承《否》，天地不交为《否》，上下相同为《同人》。盖与《否》相反，而足以相济，故虽同道相与，乃能济否也，是卦之所以次《否》也。
同人：同人于野，亨。利涉大川，利君子贞。
《同人》之道，要在广远无间，中外如一，斯谓之大同。“野”谓旷野，取远与外之义；“于野，”则上天下地，空阔无际，无所容其私心，斯物无不应，人无不助，故“亨”。心无私欲，则地无险阻，无往不利，虽大川亦可涉。但同亦分公私，合我者同，不合者异，是小人之党也，非同也；要必公正无私，浑然天心，虽千里之遥，干载之后，志无不合，道无不同，故曰“利君子贞”。
《象传》曰：同人，柔得位得中而应乎《乾》，曰《同人》。《同人》曰，同人于野，亨，利涉大川，乾行也。文明以健，中正而应，君子正也。惟君子为能通天下之志。
《彖》以卦体释卦义。柔谓六二，《乾》为九五，六二以柔居柔，得位得中，以应九五，故曰“应乎《乾》”。《乾》者健也，健而能行，足以济险，故曰“利涉大川，乾行也”。“文明”者，《离》之象，刚健者，《乾》之德。二五皆中正，得以相应，君子之道也，故曰“君子正也”。君子心公，公则天下感之，君子道正，正则天下化之，遐迩一体，上下同德，则天下之志皆通矣。惟君子能之，故曰“惟君子为能通天下之志”。
以此卦拟人事，全卦五阳一阴，六二一爻，以阴居阴，位得中正，为内卦之主，上应九五。全卦之象，恰如以一女居五男之中，以一女对五男，宽裕温柔，周而不比，众阳和悦，而同心合意，天下皆通。“同人，柔得位得中而应乎乾”，不曰应九五，而曰应《乾》，可知不专应九五一爻，而遍应众阳，为“能通天下之志”也。几天下之事，以一人独成则难，与人共成则 易，而与人之道，有公有私，公则道合，私则道离，且以私同者其道小，以公同者其道大。譬如平原，一望无垠，绝无隐蔽，是即“同人于野”之象也。内卦《离》为明，为智，外卦《乾》为正，为健。人能得夫《离》之明，《离》之智，以应乎《乾》之为正为健，以此而谋事，则事无不利，以此而涉险，众险皆可涉，即以此而交天下之人，则天下之人志无不通，是率天下而大同也。
以此卦拟国家，上卦为君，至刚至健，威权赫赫，卦中之九五也；下卦为臣，得位得中，文明有象，卦中之六二也。二与五为正应，君臣合志，正明良际会之时也。《同人》之卦，次于《否》后，否则“天地不交，万物不通”，其要在于不能“通天下之志”，惟《同人》为能通之。通则为《泰》，是国家所以济否开泰者，实赖《同人》之力也。《序卦》曰，“物不可以终《否》，故受之以《同人》”，可知天地不交为《否》，上下相通为《同人》。是故有国家者，君得其位，又当得其刚之中，臣得其位，又当得其柔之中，庶几刚柔相应，上下合志，虽大川之险而可涉，天下之志而能通。且六二之臣，不特上应九五，又必比合初、三、四、上诸阳，一心一德，同朝共济，体《离》之明，法《乾》之行，出以至正，不涉偏私，斯天下之人，正者感而通，不正者亦化而通，安往而不通，即安往而不同哉！
通观此卦，上卦为《乾》，下卦为《离》。《离》本《乾》也，《坤》交于中而生《离》，其象为火。盖《乾》本元阳，火者阳之真气，与《乾》同体，故曰同。天之生人，耳同听，目同视，口同味，心同觉，一人之所是，万人同以为是，一人之所非，万人以为非，亲者同爱，长者同敬，人虽至愚，此心此志，无不同也。故孟子曰：“圣人先得我心之所同然者也”，“天之所与于我者，不异也”。盖公则无不同，一涉私欲，遂致去《离》乖僻，不可复同，然其秉彝之良，卒不可昧也。是天之所与于我，而其不可昧者，离也；不可异者，乾也。故人秉《离》之明，行《乾》之健，至公无私，自然亨通，险阻化而为平地，虽涉大川，亦无不利，是《同人》之所以亨也。观诸爻无同之象，盖凡人有意求同，便涉于私，私则不同，盖同者不言同而自同也。初九曰“于门”，谓出外无所私呢也，故“无咎”。六二曰“于宗”，虽中且正，以涉宗党之私，为可吝也。九三以刚强居二五之间，强欲求同，虽伏藏三年，终不敢兴，知惧，故不凶也。九四近五，如隔塘耳，知义弗直，弗敢强攻，则为吉也。九五刚健，应二爻明，当其未通，不胜愤郁，一旦贯通，自觉喜悦，故曰“先号咷而后笑”也。上九《遁》居郊外，无意求同，故“无悔”。合而言之，《同人》一卦，初、上二爻，“于门”“于郊”，皆在外也，故无咎悔；二有“于宗”之吝，三有戎莽之祸，五有“大师”之患，是皆同于内，故无吉者。盖“于宗”不若“于门”，“于门”不若“于郊”，“于郊”不若“于野”。总之出外则无党援，亦无阿好，地愈远而心愈公。公则平，平则通，故圣人以四海一家，中国一人为心，斯谓之大同矣。若求同于近，虽同亦私，是以《彖》辞首曰“于野”，可知《同人》之道，当以天下力量者也。
《大象》曰：天与火，同人，君子以类族辨物。
此卦《乾》上《离》下，《象传》不曰火在天下，而曰“天与火”，盖以《乾》为日，《离》亦为日，象相同也，故曰“天与火”，取其同也。《乾》阳上升，《离》火上炎，性相同也，犹人生性无不相同，故曰《同人》。君子法乾之健，以类其族，用离之明，以辨其物；于异中求同，故族必类之，于同中求共，故物必辨之。凡异之不可不明辨，益知同之不容以相混也。即此而推之，知人有善恶邪正之分，心有是非公私之判，君子亦必当类而观之，辨而别之。如周之与比，党之与群，其貌若相似，其心则自别。要必明析严辨，不稍假借，是异其所不得不共，乃能同其所不得不同。此所以为同之大者也。
【占】　问时运：目下大有升腾之象，且得朋友扶助，大吉。
○　问商业：宜于合资会社等业，大利。
○　问家宅：得合家和悦之象，吉。
○　问战征：主军士同心，即宜调兵进攻，大利。
○　问疾病：是火症也，恐医药有误，宜别求良医。
○　问讼事：防有同党私庇，一时未可结案。
○　问六甲：生女。
○　问失物：须细细于物类中寻觅，乃得。
○　问行人：即日可归，必与友偕来。

Judgment
Legge: Union of Forces appears in the remote districts of the country, indicating progress and success. It will be advantageous to cross the great stream. It will be advantageous to maintain the firm correctness of the superior man.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Fellowship with Men in the open. Success. It furthers one to cross the great water. The perseverance of the superior man furthers.
Blofeld: Lovers (friends) in the open -- success! It is advantageous to cross the great river (or sea). [To make any kind of journey.] The Superior Man will benefit if he does not slacken his righteous persistence.
Liu: Fellowship of men in the open (countryside). Success. It benefits one to cross the great water. It benefits the superior man to continue his task.
Ritsema/Karcher: Concording People, tending-towards the countryside.
Growing. Harvesting: wading the Great River. Harvesting: chun tzu, Trial. [This hexagram describes your situation in terms of sharing a goal with others. It emphasizes that finding ways to cooperate with and harmonize people's efforts is the adequate way to handle it...]
Shaughnessy: Gathering men in the wilds; receipt; beneficial to ford the great river; beneficial for the gentleman to determine.
Cleary (1): Sameness with people in the wilderness is developmental. It is beneficial to cross great rivers. It is beneficial for a superior person to be upright.
Cleary (1): … Beneficial for a leader to be correct.
Wu: Fellowship in the open is pervasive, etc. … It will be advantageous to the jun zi who perseveres.

The Image
Legge: The images of heaven and fire form Union of Forces. The superior man, in accordance with this, distinguishes things according to their kinds and classes.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Heaven together with fire: the image of Fellowship with Men. Thus the superior man organizes the clans and makes distinctions between things.
Blofeld: This hexagram symbolizes heaven (the sun) and fire representing a pair of lovers. The Superior Man treats everything in a manner proper to his kind. [an analogy (based on the component trigrams) between the sun and fire, which to some extent are of a kind.]
Liu: Fire goes up to heaven, symbolizing Fellowship with Men. The superior man organizes his kinship group (party), and sorts them out.
Ritsema/Karcher: Heaven associating-with fire. Concording People. A chun tzu uses sorting the clans to mark-off the beings.
Cleary (1): Heaven with fire, sameness with others; superior people distinguish things in terms of categories and groups.
Cleary (2): … Leaders distinguish beings in terms of classes and families.
Wu: Heaven above and fire below form Fellowship. The jun zi distinguishes things by their kinds.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: In Union of Forces the magnetic line has the central place of influence and responds to her correlate line in the upper trigram of Strength. The hexagram takes its name from the upper trigram of Strength lending its power to the lower trigram of Clarity and Intelligence. This represents the correct course of the superior man. It is only the superior man who can comprehend and affect the minds of all under the sky.
Legge: Union of Forces describes a condition which is the opposite of the preceding hexagram of Divorcement. What was there distress and obstruction is here a union of forces. But it must be based entirely on the good of the whole, without any taint of selfishness. The dynamic line correctly in the fifth place occupies the most important position, and has for his correlate the magnetic second line, also in her correct place. The one female line is naturally sought after by all the male lines. The editors of the K'ang-hsi edition would make the second line respond to all of the lines of the upper trigram, as being more agreeable to the idea of union.

The upper trigram is that of Heaven, the lower is of Fire, whose tendency is to mount upwards. This image suggests the fire ascending, blazing to the sky and uniting with it. All these ideas are in harmony with the notion of union, but it must be free of all factionalism, and this is indicated by its being in the remote districts of the country, where people are unsophisticated and free from the corrupting effects of urban intrigue. Although a union from such motives can cope with the greatest difficulties, yet a word of caution is added.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Judgment: Connections are being made. If you are able to maintain your will, it is advisable to push for a synthesis . The Superior Man differentiates and prioritizes; he sorts and evaluates his options.
This is another image of union -- not the supreme union of hexagram number eleven, Harmony, but a subordinate union of forces within the psyche which builds toward an eventual grand alliance. The component trigrams show the union of Strength and Clarity, suggesting that a certain level of mental comprehension is involved. To receive the hexagram without changing lines is
often a confirmation of your particular thought -- saying, in effect: "You've made the connection."
Comprehension (synthesis) involves making distinctions (analysis) -- a paradoxical process in which one must divide before one can (re)unite. (This is the solve et coagula of alchemy.) Thus we see the superior man in the Image
creating categories to bring about union -- this is discrimination directed toward reclassification or rectification. For example, a heterogeneous mixture of vegetable and flower seeds is made meaningful when one sorts them into their separate categories. The disparate elements then become coherently "united" -in I Ching terms, each line obtains its proper correlate as in Hexagram number 63. (Dialectic) alternates between synthesis and analysis until it has gone through the entire domain of the intelligible and has arrived at the principle. Stopping there, for it is only there that it can stop, no longer busying itself with a multitude of objects since it has arrived at unity, it contemplates.
Plotinus -- The Enneads The Chinese name of this hexagram includes the word Jen, which is apparently a difficult concept, since many philosophers have spent a good deal of energy in trying to define it:

Jen has been variously translated as benevolence, perfect virtue, goodness, human-heartedness, love, altruism, etc. None of these expresses all the meanings of the term. It means a particular virtue, benevolence, and also the general virtue, the basis of all goodness. ...NeoConfucianists interpreted it as impartiality, the character of production and reproduction, consciousness, seeds that generate, the will to grow, one who forms one body with Heaven and Earth, or "the character of love and the principle of mind." In modern times, it has even been equated with ether and electricity...
Wing-Tsit Chan -- A Source Book in Chinese Philosophy Chu Hsi defines Jen as the "character of the mind" (psyche) and "the principle of love" (union). Interpreted in this way we are enabled to apprehend the essence of
the word "love," which is union -- becoming one with its object. I have chosen the title of Union of Forces to emphasize intra-psychic dynamics which are not immediately obvious in Wilhelm's title of Fellowship with Men. For example in dealing with questions pertaining to the Work, the concept of "ego states" or "subpersonalities" is often relevant to the symbolism of this hexagram: The human self has been described here as composed of different ego states separated by boundaries. It has been likened to the structure of political principalities. From clinical observation we find that ego states can cooperate for mutual well-being, like allied nations against a common enemy. An ego state may become split, like East and West Germany, or fracture into many segments, like the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Ego states may become cognitively dissonant and hostile to each other, like Syria and Israel. In fact, the behavior of ego states within an individual is not unlike that between individuals, and between those groups of individuals called countries. Why should the behavior of human "stuff" not be substantially similar at all levels of its organizations? ...The evidence of self division into ego states is significant, and an equally tenable hypothesis might be that the states and boundaries of political entities have been imposed by men on each other because these represent an externalization of the internal divisions in their own selves.
J.G. Watkins -- The Therapeutic Self This hexagram's "shadow side" reveals circumstances preventing the union of entities or forces, more than those conditions promoting fruitful affiliation. Note that only the first and fifth lines of the figure depict a positive synthesis; the first one is minor, and in the case of line 5, union is attained only after much struggle. Line 2 reveals a clique or faction situation opposed to the general welfare, and lines 3 and 4 are images of recalcitrant forces unable to either join or attack the alliance. The sixth line depicts a partial union (probably the most common outcome in general experience), which the Confucian commentary nevertheless minimizes. Out of six lines then, only two describe

anything like complete fellowship. I have received this hexagram without changing lines when the context of the question revealed an “incestuous,” cliquetype situation, so not all "fellowship" or Union of Forces is necessarily an ideal configuration.

周易第十三卦初九爻详解
初九爻辞
初九。同人于门，无咎。
象曰：出门同人，又谁咎也。
白话文解释
初九：聚集大众于王门，将行大事，没有灾祸。
《象辞》说：君王走出王门与国人打成一片，谁又会遭受灾祸呢？

北宋易学家邵雍解
平：得此爻者，能与人合伙经营获利，或出家远行，或修造门户，或在他处学习。做官的或会受到重用，或有升迁之机。

台湾国学大儒傅佩荣解
时运：眼前平顺，外出经营。
财运：不宜开店，可以行商。
家宅：家人和睦。
身体：避地调养，可以无碍。

初九变卦

  初九爻动变得周易第33卦：天山遁。这个卦是异卦（下艮上乾）相叠。乾为天，艮为山。天下有山，山高天退。阴长阳消，小人得势，君子退隐，明哲保身，伺机救天下。

初九爻的哲学含义 

初九这一爻为同人卦最初始的状态，这一爻属于阳爻居刚位，位正，得势。与“九四”同性相斥，不相应；但也象征他们中间没有私情存在，与人交往的公正与广阔。所以说，是在门外与人交往。虽然没有到达“卦辞”中的“野”那样的大同程度，但已超越在一门之内的狭隘的近亲关系。像这样交往广阔，当然不会有过失。
如果你在做事时，出于公心，不偏私，不护短，那么就能得志同道合的人，来一起开创事业。
走出家门，去与志同道合的人相聚，怎么会有过失呢？有了问题，到外面求众人的帮助，怎么会有过失呢？走出家门，脱离自己的小圈子，到民众中去，怎么会有过失呢？这就是“同人干门，无咎”。在我国古代，一般有了大事，君王不能解决的大事，便要贴皇榜，请天下有能力之人前来解决。
这皇榜一般贴在午门外或城门口，可以使更多的人看到。这就是“同人于门”。
所以说，“同人于门”即有求天下贤人辅佐的意思，又有与民众打成一片的意思。能做到这些，肯定不会有过失的。

初九：同人于门，无咎。
《象传》曰：出门同人，又谁咎也。
初九居一卦之始，为《同人》之首也。此卦以二爻为主。初变阴下卦为艮，象门，故曰“于门”，亦不愿独同于二，故欲出门以广交也。门以外无所私昵，故“无咎”。《象传》则颠倒其辞曰，“出门同人”，显言一出门外，天地万物，孰不吾同？不曰无咎，而曰“又谁咎也”，盖无咎，第属己言，“又谁咎”，则见门外之人，皆乐与之同，谁复得咎之者？《 易》以人名卦者，《家人》《同人》两卦。《家人》者，一家之人，宜位正夫内；《同人》者，天下之人也，宜志通夫外。《易》言“出门”者，《随》与《同人》两卦，《随》曰出门有功，《同人》曰出门无咎，皆以门内为易溺于私，门外则廓然大公矣。
【占】　问时运：目下平顺，宜经营出外，利。
○　问家宅：一门之内，雍雍和睦，无咎。
○　问商业：利行商，不利坐贾。
○　问疾病：宜避地调养，无碍。
○　问讼事：防有惩役之患，宜预出躲避，可以免咎。
○　问失物：须于门外寻觅。
○　问六甲：即时可产，得男。
【例】　一日友人某氏来请占气运，筮得《同人》之《遁》。
断曰：此卦为出门求友之象也。交际之道，宜与善人同，不宜与不善人同。爻辞曰“于门”，《象传》曰“出门”，言出外自得《同人》之助。盖在内则相与者皆亲好，不能无私，私则有咎；出门则往来者皆同与，故无咎也。今占得《同人》初爻，知君必初次出门者也。君可放胆做去，他日必得高位，博众望，可预决也。
某用之，后果大得人望，如占所云。

Line-1
Legge: The first line, dynamic, shows the representative of the Union of Forces just issuing from his gate. There will be no error.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Fellowship with men at the gate. No blame.
Blofeld: The beloved is at the gate -- no harm!
Liu: Fellowship of men outside the gate. No blame.
Ritsema/Karcher: Concording People tending-towards the gate. Without fault.
Shaughnessy: Gathering men at the gate; there is no trouble.
Cleary (1): Sameness with people at the gate is blameless.
Wu: Men of fellowship are at the gate. There will be no blame.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: Who will blame him? Wilhelm/Baynes: Going out of the
gate for fellowship with men -- who would find anything to blame in this?
Blofeld: The Superior Man treats everything in a manner proper to his kind. [Meeting the beloved so publicly cannot give rise to scandal. This implies that there is no need for secrecy.] Ritsema/Karcher: Issuing-forth-from the gate Concording People. Furthermore whose fault indeed? Cleary (2): And if you are the same as people outside the gate, who can blame you? Wu: Men of fellowship are going outdoors. Who would blame them?
Legge: Line one shows the first attempts at union. It is dynamic, but in the lowest place, and has no proper correlate above. There is however, no selfishness in his intent. He has all the world before him with which to unite. Selfish thoughts concerning union have no place in him.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: At the outset, attempts are made at open friendship.

Wing: The times are such that a group of people all shares the same needs. They can come together openly with the same goals in mind. This is the beginning of a fellowship. Until the interests of the individuals become divergent all will go well.
Editor: Forces begin to assemble for a potential alliance: nothing hinders this. Psychologically, the image can suggest the beginning of a new cycle or dialectical process within the psyche. In the beginning stages people can commit the most horrible sins of unconsciousness and stupidity without having to pay much for it. Nature does not take its revenge. But when the work progresses over the years, even a slight deviation, a hint of the wrong word, or fleeting wrong thought, can have the worst psychosomatic consequences. It is as though it became ever more subtle, moving on the razor's edge. Any faux pas is an abysmal catastrophe, while previously one could tramp kilometers off the path without one's own unconscious giving one a slap or taking its revenge in some way.
M.L. Von Franz -- Alchemical Active Imagination
A. In the beginning there is nothing to stop you.
B. Accord, union, success at the outset.

周易第十三卦九二爻详解
六二爻辞
六二。同人于宗，吝。
象曰：同人于宗，吝道也。
白话文解释
六二：聚同族于宗庙，卜祷凶吉，因为面临艰难。
《象辞》说：仅仅聚同族于宗庙，这是狭隘的宗法原则。

北宋易学家邵雍解
凶：得此爻者，事多不定，与宗人朋友多不和，相互多猜忌，面和心不合，容易起是非。做官的没有升迁之机，需耐心等待。

台湾国学大儒傅佩荣解
时运：相忌者多，未能顺遂。
财运：大宗买卖，留心出纳。
家宅：长子之力，勤俭起家。
身体：魂归宗庙，未可多言。

六二变卦

  六二爻动变得周易第1卦：乾为天。这个卦是同卦（下乾上乾）相叠。象征天，喻龙（德才的君子），又象征纯粹的阳和健，表明兴盛强健。乾卦是根据万物变通的道理，以“元、亨、利、贞”为卦辞，表示吉祥如意，教导人遵守天道的德行。

九二爻的哲学含义 

宗：是宗族。吝：偏狭，鄙吝。
从卦象上看，六二属于阴爻居阴位，得位，中正，与“九五”阴阳相应，通常是吉象。但是，在这个同人的卦中，相应代表有私情、私心的存在，这一卦，是在阐扬天下大同的理想世界，需要公正、无私地交往，所以六二与九五相应反而成为不利的关系，因而不相宜。这就像只是在宗族中交往，只是在同姓中交往，有着私心一样。这种宗族和同的态度，虽然不能说错，但也不值得赞扬。这一爻，说明应进一步打破宗族观念，扩大交友的圈子和交往的范围。只与同宗人亲附，会有弊病，行事必然艰难。应该把目光放长远一些，多和外界接触。
《象》曰：“同人于宗”，吝道也。这是告诉人们，不能团结各个阶层的人，是引起麻烦的根源。所以如果你想做事，不要只依赖于同宗族的人。尤其是一些夫妻店、家族企业，处理不好可能会因为利益而互相猜疑，为此伤了亲情。
要打破这个界限，团结上上下下的人，这样对事业会更有利。

六二：同人于宗，吝。
《象传》曰：同人于宗，吝道也。
此爻以阴居阴，文明中正，而为全卦之主，卦中诸阳，皆求应二。二与九五为正应，九五为君，居一卦之尊位，二爻曰“同人于宗”，“宗”尊也，言二得同于至尊。在二与五，刚柔中正，时位相应，可谓尽善，但两相亲密，未免偏私，有失至公大同之量。且三四两爻，求同不得，见二与五，同意亲密，致生嫉妒，即所以取吝也，故曰“同人于宗，吝”。《象传》曰“吝道也”，道字最宜玩味，谓一时即未见吝，而已有取吝之道也。《彖》辞以六二得位得中，曰“亨”，爻义以“同人于宗”，曰“吝”，盖卦体主大同，爻义戒阿党也。
【占】　问时运：目下未佳，虽有相助，而相忌者多，未能百事遂意。
○　问商业：利于大宗买卖，惟须出纳宜留意。得利。
○　问讼事：不利。
○　问家宅：以勤俭起家，得长子之力。
○　问疾病：有魂归宗庙之象，凶。
○　问行人：即返。
○　问六甲：生女。
○　问失物：被拾者藏匿，不见还也。
【例】　明治三年，占自气运，与将来之方向如何。
我国维新之初，明治元年，有奥羽北越之役，二年有箱馆之征讨，天下之形势未宁。三年干戈既息，天下拭目，以望升平。当是时余大有所感，自以生长商家，惟汲汲谋兴家业，未逞计及国事，兹幸遭遇圣代，得与贵显诸公，朝夕面晤，深荷款遇。在诸公毁家纾难，勤劳王事，皆维新之功臣也，如余者得生长今日，际盛运，而于国家毫无建树，实可耻之甚也。兹愿稍展寸长，勉力从公，冀图深厚之报，为此自占现时气运，与进步之方向。筮得《同人》。
断曰：幕府末路，升平日久，政纲废弛，加以外交事起，当时君子不得其位，小人得逞其奸，上下闭塞，秩序紊乱。于是豪杰之士，所在兴起，天下翕然应之，拔乱反正，一变否极之世，得启今日泰平之盛，是即《同人》之卦也。今筮得此卦，《 彖传》曰，“同人，柔得位得中而应乎乾，曰《同人》”。以六二一柔得位中正，应上卦九五之中正，是余居民间中正之地位，上与政府之政略相应，同其目的，“柔”者，谓余本无爵位，才力柔弱。曰“同人于野”，谓余本是在野草莽之臣也。“亨”者，谓余之气运与天下之大势，悉当亨通，凡为国家创兴事业，无不成功也。按《同人》一卦，卦体则主大同，爻义则戒偏私，独“于野”曰亨，盖宜远取于外，不宜近取于内也。且《彖传》曰“乾行”，“乾行”者，自强也；曰“利涉大川”，“利涉”者，兴造舟揖也；曰“文明以健”，“文明”者，创修文学也。卦象所言，皆一一示余着手之方向，且教余取法海外之造作，通行于天下，故曰“为能通天下之志”。
余既得此卦象，惟冀有辅政府剧务万一，区区家资，遑足惜乎！明治三年，决志抛资产，先设飞脚船，便内国之运输；次谋创铁道；次建设洋学校，聘教师于外国，以振起教育之业；布设瓦斯灯于横滨港内，至七年之冬，得成此四大创始工业。此四大工业，当时邦人，实未尝着手，余为之创始也。明治七年，瓦斯灯建成之日，荣邀天皇陛下临幸，蒙赐接见。余当时怀藏先考灵牌，冀得同《观》天颜，又荷宠颁进步首倡敕语。拜受之下，荣何如之！
此卦以第五爻为《同人》之主，以年计之，初爻至五爻，恰是五年。今自明治三年，至七年，其间九三之伏莽，九四之乘塘，多有障碍余事业者，然余公平无私，百折不屈，果得奏效。然物盛必衰，势极必变，是天理之常，余虽乘《同人》之运，得成厥事，若味人事穷通之理，知进而不知退，恐有“亢龙”之悔，即《同人》上九诫之曰“同人于郊，无悔”。是《 易》理之妙用也，其旨深矣。迨八年，余居神奈川郊外望欣台，优游逍遥，间玩《易》理，以至今日。爰述《同人》之卦义，追怀往事，附记数语。

Line-2
Legge: The second line, magnetic, shows the representative of the Union of Forces in relation with her kindred. There will be occasion for regret.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Fellowship with men in the clan. Humiliation.
Blofeld: His beloved (betrothed) is of the same clan as himself -- trouble!
Liu: Fellowship of men in the kinship group (party). Humiliation.
Ritsema/Karcher: Concording People tending-towards ancestry. Abashment.
Shaughnessy: Gathering men at the ancestral temple; distress.
Cleary (1): Sameness with people in the clan is regrettable.
Wu: Fellowship becomes kinship. There will be humiliation.

COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: Relationship with one's kindred is the path to regret.
Wilhelm/Baynes: The way to humiliation. Blofeld: Choosing a beloved from a man's own clan is a sure way to unhappiness. [This Chinese belief was so strongly held that, until recently, even unrelated people of the same surname could not marry.] Ritsema/Karcher: Abashment tao indeed. Cleary (2): The road to regret. Wu: This is a way to humiliation.
Legge: Lines two and five are proper correlates, a fact which in this instance suggests the idea of a partial and limited union. This is blameworthy because union with only one's kindred implies narrowness of mind.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: Because of special privileges and factions, only a limited fellowship is realized. Regrets and problems result.
Wing: There is a tendency toward elitism and exclusivity. This creates limitations for everyone in society. Such a situation of egotism and selfish interests will bring regret.
Editor: The image is one of incestuous exclusivity. The formation of factions, special interest groups and cliques can only cause harm to the larger psyche or to society because it excludes the vital give and take necessary for evolution and eventual synthesis. Sometimes the line can suggest the idea of being caught in a
closed loop or vicious circle -- energy is trapped by limiting beliefs, thus preventing growth into new realms of being. When a soul remains for long in this withdrawal and estrangement from the whole, with never a glance towards the intelligible, it becomes a thing fragmented, isolated, and weak. Activity lacks concentration. Attention is tied to particulars. Severed from the whole, the soul clings to the part; to this one sole thing, buffeted about by a whole world of things, has it turned and given itself. Adrift now from the whole, it manages even this particular thing with difficulty...
Plotinus -- The Enneads
A. A self-serving alliance portends failure.
B. A recalcitrant complex refuses to integrate.
C. Dogmatic, hidebound perception prevents growth.

周易第十三卦九三爻详解详解
九三爻辞
九三。伏戎于莽，升其高陵，三岁不兴。
象曰：伏戎于莽，敌刚也，三岁不兴，安行也。
白话文解释
九三：将军队隐蔽在深山密林，并且占领了制高点，但长时期不能取胜。
《象辞》说：将军队隐蔽在深山密林，因为敌人太强大。长时期不能取胜，怎能有所作为呢？

北宋易学家邵雍解
凶：得此爻者，或有丧亲，或有诉讼打官司之患。做官的须防被免职之忧。

台湾国学大儒傅佩荣解
时运：潜心三年，再谋其事。
财运：可开山林，三年获利。
家宅：须防盗贼。
身体：不良于行。

九三变卦

  九三爻动变得周易第25卦：天雷无妄。这个卦是异卦（下震上乾）相叠。乾为天为刚为健；震为雷为刚为动。动而健，刚阳盛，人心振奋，必有所得，但唯循纯正，不可妄行。无妄必有获，必可致福。

九三爻的哲学含义 

九三：伏戎于莽，升其高陵，三岁不兴。爻辞释义
伏：指埋伏，潜伏，欲战而不出。戎：指军队，士兵。莽：指荒原草丛，丛林。升：登上。陵：山丘。
本句爻辞的意思是：把军队埋伏在密林草莽之中，占据附近的制高点守望着，过了三年，都不敢贸然出兵。
九三这一爻，从与其他爻的关系来看，可以这样打个比方：六二是阴爻代表女人，九三是阳爻居阳位，而且处于下卦的最上端，代表男人。而全卦之中，最强势的是九五这位，同样是阳爻居阳位，处于君主之位，是比九三更强一个男人。九三是一个小国的首领，一个比自己更强大的外帮首领看中了九三境内的一个美女。为了讨好比自己更强大的外帮首领，打算把这位美女派去和亲，可是九三自己看了这位美女，强行把美女留下来与自己成婚。他担心对方的首领一怒之下前来进犯，而自己又不是人家的对手，所以才出现了爻辞中所描绘的那样，带兵埋伏在林莽之中，时刻警惕着，好在盟国没有来犯，没有发生灾难。
占得此爻者，要注意维持与外界的关系，不要因为一己私利，而将与盟友的关系搞得剑拔弩张，让自己费尽了精力，给自己带来了恐惧与不安。
埋伏兵甲于草莽中，三年都不敢与敌人进行正面的交锋，这可真是够谨慎的。可是谨慎总不会犯大错误，虽然伏于草莽中日子清苦，但却可以保存实力。这里讲的可能仍是高宗讨伐鬼方的事情。鬼方是我国古代西北的一个部落。历来我国北部的民族勇猛好战，所以高宗这次征伐最初肯定是出师不利。敌人太强大，怎么办?只能等待时机。伏兵于草莽中，研究新的作战部署，寻找可以一举歼灭敌人的战机。“三年不兴”，其实也就是说三年后始兴。也就是说三年后打败了敌人。这是面对强敌必须采取的战略战术。

九三：伏戎于莽，升其高陵，三岁不兴。
《象传》曰：伏戎于莽，敌刚也。三岁不兴，安行也。
“戎”者，兵戎也。“莽”者，草深处也。此卦六二，一阴居中，卦中诸阳，皆欲与同。三爻接二最近，欲同之意尤切，然二爻中正，为九五正应，不与三同。三爻过刚不中，性情刚暴，位居二五之间，欲用强而同之。然惧二之中正，畏五之刚健，不敢显发，“伏戎于莽”，以俟其机，上升高陵，以窥其隙，至三岁之久，终不敢兴，亦可见小人之情状矣。其不言凶者，以久而不兴，故未至凶矣，然曰“伏”，曰“升”，其凶已露矣。《象传》曰“敌刚”也者，谓其所敌九五刚健，自知不能胜也；“安行”也者，“三岁不兴”，亦安行乎？《离》为甲，兵戎之象，互卦《巽》，为隐伏之象。此卦九三九四，不言同人者，两爻共有争夺之象，非同人者也。此爻变为《无妄》，其六三之辞曰：“无妄之灾，或系之牛，行人之得，邑人之灾”。可以见其有凶咎也。
【占】　问时运：目下直潜伏，三岁后方可出而谋事。
○　问商业：宜开山林，三年后大可获利。
○　问家宅：防有盗贼窃伺。
○　问战征：须防敌军埋伏。
○　问讼事：虑有意外葛藤，一时不了。
○　问失物：须于丛草中寻之，或山上草中。
○　问行人：俟三年后可归。
【例】　明治二十四年，某贵显来请占当年气运，筮得《同人》之《无妄》。
断曰：此卦有公同谋事之象，故曰《同人》。在世间智者少而愚者多，古今皆然。今人往往采取朝野大众之论说，谓之公议，所云谋野则获者是也，故《彖》曰“同人于野，亨”。及三爻刚而不中，强欲求同，不曰“于野”，而曰伏莽，又自知畏惧，终久而不敢兴。其象如是，气运可知，请俟三年后而谋之可也。
后果如此占。

Line-3
Legge: The third line, dynamic, shows its subject with his arms hidden in the thick grass, and at the top of a high mound. But for three years he makes no demonstration.
Wilhelm/Baynes: He hides weapons in the thicket; he climbs the high hill in front of it. For three years he does not rise up.
Blofeld: Concealing his weapons in the bushes, he climbs his high hill. For three years he enjoys no happiness. [His cowardice was so great that he dared not seek home, wife or children for three years. The implication is that boldness at all costs is required.]
Liu: They hide arms in the bushes. They climb to the summit of a hill. For three years they do not act.
Ritsema/Karcher: Hiding away arms, tending-towards the thickets. Ascending one's high mound. Three year's-time not rising.
Shaughnessy: Surrendered appearance in tall grass. Climbing its high peak, for three years it does not arise.
Cleary (1): Subduing fighters in the bush, climbing up a high hill, even in three years there will be no flourishing.
Cleary (2): He hides fighters in the bush, etc.
Wu: He conceals weapons in bushes. He moves up to high mounds. He makes no headway in three years. [He is planning to overwhelm by force those with whom he disagrees, but he is alone and cannot make a breakthrough.]
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: He hides arms in the thick grass because of the strength of his opponent. For three years he makes no demonstration--how can he do anything? Wilhelm/Baynes: Because he had a hard man as opponent--how could it be done? Blofeld: He conceals his weapons because the enemy is strong-but three years without joy! Who would follow such a course?
Ritsema/Karcher: Antagonistic solid indeed. Quieting movement indeed.
Cleary (2): Three years without flourishing is calm activity. Wu: He should be contented with his lot.
Legge: Line three is dynamic in a dynamic place, but without a proper correlate in line six. This makes him anxious to unite with line two, but two is devoted to her proper correlate in line five, of whose strength line three is afraid. Therefore

he takes the measures described, but his abstaining so long from action will save him from misfortune.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: Mistrust ensues. The man conceals his weapons, plans an ambush, but does not come forth.
Wing: There is a possibility that those involved in the situation have selfish interests and divergent goals. This is unfortunate, because the ensuing mistrust of each for the other will grind events to a halt. Unless goals are realigned, no progress can be made and nothing will come of the situation.
Editor: Wilhelm remarks here that the situation depicts mistrust -- union is blocked by some divisive element such as doubt or cynicism. Perhaps a pessimistic attitude is impeding the flow of events. Although the line is not necessarily always completely negative (note the lack of an appended value judgment), the image depicts latent forces of an inferior sort blocking the natural flow of energy or growth. If this is the only changing line we receive hexagram number 25, Innocence, with a corresponding line depicting undeserved misfortune. Psychologically interpreted, unconscious complexes could threaten the Work by refusing to integrate. It is possible that this transcends the ego's conscious awareness. Blofeld's note does not agree with the general sense of the line, and may be considered anomalous. Unfortunately repression does not eliminate the qualities or drives or keep them from functioning. It merely removes them from ego awareness; they continue as complexes. By being removed from view they are also removed from supervision and can thereby continue their existence unchecked and in a disruptive way.
E.C. Whitmont -- The Symbolic Quest
A. A divisive element within the situation is unable to manifest or is preventing growth.
B. A hidden threat bides its time.
C. Something is blocked.

周易第十三卦九四爻详解详解
九四爻辞
九四。乘其墉，弗克攻，吉。
象曰：乘其墉，义弗克也，其吉，则困而反则也。
白话文解释
九四：爬上了敌人的城墙，城还没有攻下来，继续攻打才能获胜。
《象辞》说：爬上了敌人的城墙，从道义上讲应该停士攻城。之所以继续攻打为吉利，因为困守之敌可能逞其狡诈。

北宋易学家邵雍解
平：得此爻者，亲友之间会互相猜忌，荣中有辱，结果会好些，凡事须多加提防则可吉祥。做官的若能兢兢业业，则有提拔之机遇，或会受到表彰。

台湾国学大儒傅佩荣解
时运：退守不动，反而吉祥。
财运：守货不售，将可获利。
家宅：修缮房屋围墙。
身体：虽有凶险，终究无害。

九四变卦

  九四爻动变得周易第37卦：风火家人。这个卦是异卦（下离上巽）相叠。离为火；巽为风。火使热气上升，成为风。一切事物皆应以内在为本，然后伸延到外。发生于内，形成于外。喻先治家而后治天下，家道正，天下安乐。

九四爻的哲学含义 

同人卦第四爻，爻辞：九四：乘其墉，弗克攻，吉。
占得此爻者，要懂得适时放弃。就像登上城墙准备与敌人开战，却放弃了，这样反而能得到吉祥的结果。
《象》曰：“乘其墉”，义弗克也，其“吉”，则困而反则也。这就是告诉人们说，“准备登城向敌人进攻”，但终于没有进攻，是因为发现这种进攻是不仁义的，这样做能获得吉祥，是因为在困惑时能及时醒悟，反过来能按正确的办法行事。

九四：乘其墉，弗克攻，吉。
《象传》曰：乘其墉，义弗克也；其吉，则因而反则也。
“墉”者，城垣也。此爻以刚居柔，而不中正，四与二非应，亦非比，而欲强同于二，且中间隔以九三之“墉”并忌二五粮密，故欲“乘其猜”而攻焉。既思九五刚健中正，攻之于义不直，于势亦不敌，必弗能克，故不攻也。即此转念间，悔过而改善，乃得变凶而为吉，谓之“乘其墉，弗克攻，吉”《象传》曰“义弗克也”者，谓不自逞其强，而能反省夫义，是以吉也。“困而反则也”者，谓不义之举，必陷困厄，止其邪念，而所法则也。此卦名《同人》，三四两爻，均有乖象。人情同极则必异，异极则复同，犹国家之治极而乱，乱极复治也。是人事分合之端，即《 易》道循环之理也。凡《易》曰不克，皆以阳居阴之爻，惟其阳，故有《讼》，有攻；惟其阴，故弗克也。此爻及《讼》之九二九四，如“不克讼”，皆是也。
【占】　问时运：目下直退守弗动，吉。
○　问商业：宜垄断货物，待价弗售，后必获利。
○　问家宅：宜修葺墙垣，吉。
○　问战征：直坚筑营磊，防敌袭击。
○　问讼事：今虽不直，后反得胜。
○　问失物：久后可得。
○　问疾病：虽凶无害。
【例】　友人来告白：今有一业可兴，请占其成败。筮得《同人》之《家人》。
断曰：此卦有合众兴事之象，其事必关公共利益可知也。九五《乾》之有金力者，与六二《离》之聪明者，阴阳相应而成事，其间有九三九四两爻，嫉妒其利益，于中阻挠，以谋占取之象。足下为占事业，以爻辞观之，知足下或羡彼之事业，谋彼之权利，将夺取而代之乎？足下一时不露声色，惟阴使同意者九三，为之计划，即爻辞所云乘墉，如乘垣而伺敌，潜伏而谋事之谓也。然此事必难遂志，不如中止，谓之“弗克攻，吉”，故《象传》曰“困而反则也”。
后有所闻，果如此占。

Line-4
Legge: The fourth line, dynamic, shows its subject mounted on the city wall; but he does not proceed to make the attack he contemplates. There will be good fortune.
Wilhelm/Baynes: He climbs up on his wall; he cannot attack. Good fortune.

Blofeld: He climbs his battlemented wall, for he is unable to attack -- good fortune! [At first sight this case looks rather like that indicated by the third line, but here cowardice and concealment are replaced by courage modified by common sense and a desire to do his duty as best he can.]
Liu: They climb on the wall. They are unable to attack. Good fortune.
Ritsema/Karcher: Riding one's rampart. Nothing controlling attacking. Significant.
Shaughnessy: Riding astride its wall; you will not succeed in attacking it; auspicious.
Cleary (2): He mounts the wall but does not succeed in the attack. This is lucky.
Wu: He ascends to the top of his fortress, and is convinced that the offensive will fail. This will be auspicious. [He ascends to a good vantage point to survey his surroundings and realizes his blunder. He is quick to correct himself.
Reasoning wins over force.]
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: He is mounted on the city wall, but he yields to the right and doesn't make the attack he contemplated. He recognizes the strait he is in, and will return to the rule of law. Wilhelm/Baynes: The situation means that he can do nothing. His good fortune consists in the fact that he gets into trouble and therefore returns to lawful ways. Blofeld: Being unable to worst the enemy, he settles down on a fortified wall. His good fortune consists in being able to retain his sense of what is right even when encountering difficulty. Ritsema/Karcher:
Righteously nothing controlling indeed. One's significance. By-consequence confining and-also reversing by-consequence indeed. Cleary (2): The luck is that he will return to order when he reaches the impasse. Wu: Morally he cannot succeed . He realizes his predicament and reverses his course.
Legge: Line four is dynamic, but in a magnetic place, which weakens his position. He would like to make an attempt on line two, but is afraid to do so. Stress should be laid on the idea of "yielding to the right."
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man mounts his city wall, but is afraid to embark on aggression. The antagonists consider the difficulties and yield to right and law. Reconciliation is imminent.
Wing: Your obsession with the attainment of your personal goals will ultimately cut you off from others. The more you pursue your dream, the farther you drift

from your Community. In time, your loneliness will bring you to your senses. Good fortune.
Editor: Psychologically interpreted, a city can symbolize a focus of energy (perhaps a belief-complex), within which its components live in "fellowship." The city walls represent the boundaries defining this belief system. Seen from the outside, the wall is the separation between one condition and another; seen from the inside it provides both definition and sanctuary for its inhabitants. (Regarded this way, the differences between lines three and four can be seen as the differences between the repression and sublimation of a complex.) At any rate, this line depicts a favorable impasse or restraint of power in the situation at hand. Even though we are not responsible for the way we are and feel, we have to take responsibility for the way we act. Therefore we have to learn to discipline ourselves. And discipline rests on the ability to act in a manner that is contrary to our feelings when necessary. This is an eminently human prerogative as well as a necessity.
E.C. Whitmont -- The Symbolic Quest
A. An impasse prevents an unfortunate action.
B. Awareness of an impasse is the first condition necessary for its resolution.
C. Straddling the fence and able to see both sides of the issue, one is prevented from joining either faction.

周易第十三卦九五爻详解详解
九五爻辞
九五。同人，先号啕而后笑，大师克相遇。
象曰：同人之先，以中直也。大师相遇，言相克也。
白话文解释
九五：聚集起来的大众先哭嚎后欢笑，因为大军及时增援，大获胜仗。
《象辞》说：聚集起来的大众之所以先哭后笑（战斗转败为胜），因为筮遇此爻，九五居上卦之中位，像人得贞正之道，势必化凶为吉。大军会师，是说我军压倒了敌人。

北宋易学家邵雍解
平：得此爻者，先难后易，是非不一。做官的会先贬后升。

台湾国学大儒傅佩荣解
时运：辛苦有成，得偿心愿。
财运：小有挫折，终有大利。
家宅：不必惊惶，终于平安。
身体：先危后安。

九五变卦

  九五爻动变得周易第30卦：离为火。这个卦是同卦（下离上离）相叠。离者丽也，附着之意，一阴附丽，上下二阳，该卦象征火，内空外明。离为火、为明，太阳反复升落，运行不息，柔顺为心。

九五爻的哲学含义 

同人卦第五爻，爻辞：九五：同人，先号眺，而后笑，大师克相遇。
《象》中这样解释本爻：同人之先，以中直也；大师相遇，天罔极上遇，言相克也。
这是在说，开始大声痛哭，说明这时内心中正诚信，因不知战事的胜败而焦急痛哭；大军遇到了志同道合者，终于获得了战争的胜利，于是欢笑起来。
在寻找志同道合的人时，肯定会有些阻力，不是轻易就能找到的，你可能为此深深痛苦过。但是只要你不放弃，克服这些阻力，终将会达到目的，露出笑颜。
占得此爻者，当与合作者的谈判正僵持不下时，可能意外地出现一个第三方，使事情向对你有利的方向发展。这个时候，你可以视第三方为“同人”，并想办法扩大自己的战果。

九五：同人，先号咷而后笑，大师克相遇。
《象传》曰：同人之先，以中直也。大师相遇，了相克也。
“号咷”者，谓悲忧之甚而啼哭也。此爻君位，当与天下同应，若独与二亲密，非人君之道，即非大同之道也。是以为九三九四所嫉妒，隔绝阻挠，使不得与六二相遇，遂致兴师攻克，始得相遇，盖其初以不遇而号咷，今得相遇而笑乐，谓之“同人，先号咷而后笑，大师克相遇”。在五与二，刚柔相应，上下相洽，其情似私，其理本正，故《象传》明其“中直”，《 彖传》称其“中正”，是师壮而得克也，岂得以私匿病之哉！
又一说：长国家而欲和同众人，其间有猜疑而离间者，使之隔绝而不相遇，极之号咷悲泣，使离间者亦服其德，复得和同而笑乐也。
【占】　问时运：目下正当欢乐之时，从前苦志，今得遂愿。
○　问商业：虽小有挫折，终获大利。
○　问家宅：防有惊惶之虑，然终得平和也。
○　问疾病：先危后安。
○　问讼事：须请大好辩护士，方能得直。
○　问行人：防中途有阻，须缓得归。
○　问六甲：生男。
【例】　明治二十五年三月，余漫游骏州兴津，阅新闻纸，知北海道炭矿欣道会社堀基氏免职。余为是社评议员，遂速归京，与同事涩泽荣一、汤地定基、田中平八等，共为会社周旋，方得协议，评议委员定以汤地与余两名中，充任社长，请愿于该官厅。同事诸君，预问余之诺否，余先取决于筮，筮得《同人》之《离》。
断曰：此卦六二一阴得时，又得中正之地位，上下五阳应之，余之就任社长也。九五之政府，九三之北海道厅长官，九四之大臣，初九之社员，上九远方之株主，不特不倡异议，定必同心喜悦可知也，谓之“同人，柔得位得中而应乎《乾》，曰《同人》”至处之之道，如平原广野，无所隐蔽，一以光明正大为主也，谓之“于野，亨”。余虽不才，于此等事业，久经历验，加之以六百五十万元之金力，与政府补给之利子，余惟公明正大，毫无私曲，可得胜此责任，谓之“文明以健，中正而应，君子正也”。此会社在人迹稀绝之区，凡执工业者，多非常劳动，亦不免暗生情弊，此亦势所必有也。一旦革绝其弊，必生诽谤，然既任其事，自当任怨任劳。谚曰一功能服，百论得快，政理则疑谤自灭，谓之“君子为能通天下之志”。即有如九三九四，以不得兴事，生出意外枝节，百计窥伺，相谋窃夺，余当预定目的，终不受其害也，谓之“同人先号咷而后笑，大师克相遇”也。
余得此占，承诺社长之任，后果如此占。在任五百四十日间，会社之整理，幸博同人之信用，价格四十四圆之株卷，腾贵至八十四元，其十三万株，合计五百二十万元，足见会社之盛运也。以在任之日数除之，平均一日，大凡一万元，是可谓全以道德得之者也。呜呼！谁谓为仁不富乎？谓道德与经济相反者，此乃愚而无知者之言也。夫道德之功效，优于区区之经济，不知其几千百倍也。世之好夸大，言内无实学者，宜知所猛省矣！
【例】　明治二十八年四月，我国与清国讲和约成，将遣大使于清国芝罘，交换条约。时法、德、俄三国，联合告我以不可久占辽东，且聚战舰于芝罘，有动辄起事之势，上下心颇不安。各大臣及机密顾问官等，皆赶西京，余亦闻之至西京，会土方宫内大臣、杜边大藏大臣于木屋町柏亭。两大臣谓曰：今日之势，三国联合迫我，其意有不可测者。我军舰劳数月之海战，且有许多损伤，不复适战斗之用，实危急存亡之秋也。占筮决疑，其在此时乎？余曰：曾已占之，筮得《同人》之《离》，请陈其义。
《同人》一卦，二爻一阴得中正，在五阳之间，辉离明于宇内之象。卦德有文明与刚健，通志于天下时也。今得五爻，则知大事必遂也。法、德、俄三国，联合妨我行为，且欲逞溪壑之愿，聚合军舰于芝罘，又在各要港，悉整戎备，有不愆时期而举事之意，又有夺我所得清国偿金之胸算，其狡计炳如见火。就爻象推究，其中妨阻二五之交者，三四两爻，三爻之辞不云乎？”伏戎于莽，升其高陵，三岁不兴。”“伏戎于莽”者，谓自航海之要路，突然袭击之备；“升其高陵”者，谓从旁窥伺其隙也；“三岁不兴”者，谓等机而动，不遽发也。四爻之辞不云乎？“乘其墉，义弗克也；其吉，则困而反则也。”四与三同意，欲乘隙而起者也，谓之“乘其塘”；然以义有不直，故曰“义不克也”。是亦不能举事而止，故曰“其吉，则困而反则也”。三国之非望如此，天命不许，不足介意也。今得五爻之占，虽忧三国之障，然必得清帝批准条约，喜可知也，谓之“同人，先号咷而后笑”。日后不为宇内各国所轻侮，终得战胜之誉，宜扬国光于万里，谓之“大师克相遇”。占筮如此，我元老何须忧虑？于是两大臣扬眉，不堪欣喜。
后果庙议一如此占，直以商船遣伊东已代治氏于芝罘，交换条约而归。当时三国虽伺我衅隙，无举事之辞，非常之备，无所复用，如《 易》辞所示也。
【例】　明治二十九年一月，余避寒于热海，偶得神奈川县吉田书记官报曰：前农商务大臣白根专一君罹大患，入大学病院，内外名医，无所施治，束手待死而已。吾得君之知遇久矣，不堪忧苦，希其万死一生，敢烦一筮。筮得《同人》之《离》。
断曰：白根君疾，一时国医束手，谓症必不治，待死而已。据此占，料君不特不死，且即日愈快，谓之“同人，先号咷而后笑”；其病或必得大汗大泻而愈，故曰“大师克相遇”。但此卦上爻为归魂，今得五爻，则上爻正当明年，明年恐或难保。然上爻之辞曰，“同人于郊，无悔”，此番愈快之后，宜移从近郊闲散之地，远于世累，休息静养，尽我人事，亦足挽回天命，或得无悔。乃记以报之。
后果大患徐徐而愈。德人白耳都氏以下诸名医，不知其快复之理，后余亦访君于病院，面渠夫人，劝以出院之后，宜就闲地休息静养。然君以得复健康，不复应余之劝，翌年果复得疾不治，不堪痛惜。

Line-5
Legge: The fifth line, dynamic, shows the representative of the Union of Forces first wailing and crying out, and then laughing. His great army conquers, and he and his second line correlate meet together.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Men bound in fellowship first weep and lament, but afterward they laugh. After great struggles they succeed in meeting.
Blofeld: The lovers begin by weeping and wailing, but they finish by laughing, for the crowd succeeds in bringing them together.
Liu: Fellowship of men. They cry and lament. Later they laugh. After great battles they have success.
Ritsema/Karcher: Concording People beforehand crying-out sobbing and-also afterwards laughing. Great legions controlling mutual meeting.

Shaughnessy: Gathering men at first weeping and wailing, but later laughing; the great captains succeed in meeting each other.
Cleary (1): In sameness with people, first there is weeping, afterward laughter. A great general wins, then meets others.
Wu: Men of fellowship first wail and then laugh. The large armed forces meet after victory.
COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: This arises from his central position and straightforward character. The meeting secured by his great army intimates that its opponents have been overcome. Wilhelm/Baynes: The beginning of the men bound in fellowship is central and straight...they are victorious. Blofeld: This strong line which is central to the upper trigram indicates that they began by weeping. [A strong central line is usually auspicious, but not in this case where we are dealing with something so soft and tender as love.] Fortunately a crowd of people encountered them and, somehow, the right thing was said to bring them together again. Ritsema/Karcher: Using centering straightening indeed. Words mutualize controlling indeed. Cleary (2): It is the middle way. In meeting with the great general, his words overcome. Wu: They together finally achieve victory. From the Great Treatise: "The Master said on this: The ways of good men different seem. This in a public office toils; That in his home the time beguiles. One man his lips with silence seals; Another all his mind reveals. But when two men are one in heart, Not iron bolts keep them apart;
The words they in their union use,
Fragrance like orchid plants diffuse."
Legge: Line five is dynamic in a dynamic and central place, and seeks union with his second-line correlate. However, lines three and four are powerful foes who oppose this union, and their opposition makes him weep. He finally effects his purpose by collecting his forces and defeating his opponents.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: After considerable difficulties, the man collects his forces and overcomes the obstacles to the union of men. Sadness gives way to joy.

Wing: The difficulties and obstacles within the situation cause you much sorrow. If you openly express your distress you will find that you generate similar expressions from your fellow man. Together you can overcome the difficult time and there will be much joy in your newfound unity.
Editor: This line changes the hexagram to Number thirty, Clarity. The corresponding line is almost identical to this one: "Shows its subject as one with tears flowing in torrents, and groaning in sorrow. There will be good fortune." The idea is that, in this case at least, union and clarity (comprehension and enlightenment) are achieved only through a bitter struggle. To learn, we must not allow ideas to remain exterior to us, but fuse with them until they become part of our existence. When this is done and our dispositions correspond, the soul is able to formulate and make use of them. It comprehends now what it merely contained before.
Plotinus -- The Enneads
A. Gather your forces and make a connection. Union or clarity is won after significant effort.

周易第十三卦上九爻详解详解
上九爻辞
上九。同人于郊，无悔。
象曰：同人于郊，志未得也。
白话文解释
上九：聚众于郊外，致祭于神灵祝贺胜利，自然没有悔咎。
《象辞》说：聚众于郊外，援助不广，尚不得行其志。

北宋易学家邵雍解
平：得此爻者，宜守常，不宜激进。做官的则多有出差的机会。

台湾国学大儒傅佩荣解
时运：闲散之地，诸事无碍。
财运：郊外立业，暂时无利。
家宅：平顺无灾。
身体：恐无生机。

上九变卦

  上九爻动变得周易第49卦：泽火革。这个卦是异卦（下离上兑）相叠。离为火、兑为泽，泽内有水。水在上而下浇，火在下而上升。火旺水干，水大火熄。二者相生亦相克，必然出现变革。变革是宇宙的基本规律。

上九爻的哲学含义 

同人卦第六爻，爻辞：上九：同人于郊，无悔。
上九这一爻是同人卦的最后一爻，属于阳爻居柔位，失位，不得势。而且与九三敌应，距离六二又太远，中间有群阳阻隔，如果强行去与六二结交，必然耗费太多的精力，陷入争乱之中。所以不必争取最佳的状态，不如就近结交，
与“郊”之人合同，可以平静无争地生活。
象曰：“同人于郊”，志未得也。这里指出，“聚合众人于郊外”，显然没有实现自己最初的志向。
占得此爻者，你想做某件事，想结交重要的人或志同道合的人，可是想结交他的人太多，发生内争，你也没有机会去结交，那不如去结交较容易亲近的人。
上九处于乾卦的最外面，乾为郊野，所以此艾有“同人于郊”艾辞。其实在任何一个社会，都有不得志的人。有能力而不得志，只能隐居于平淡之中，这种人可以称之为隐士。上九就是一位隐士，虽然不得志，但是能够与其他隐士一起安守于偏僻的郊区，因为能够守于平淡之中而无非分之想，所以不会发生悔恨的事情。这就如同诸葛亮在《诫外甥》中所言:“夫志当存高远，慕先贤，决情欲，弃凝滞，使庶几之志，揭然有所存，恻然有所感;忍屈伸，去细碎，广咨问，除闲吝，虽有淹了流，何损于美趣，何患于不济。”在平淡之中能做到这些，则自然会成可进，败可守了。

上九：同人于郊，无悔。
《象传》曰：同人于郊，志未得也。
“郊”者，国都之外，旷远之地。此爻在五爻之上，为无位之地。《同人》一卦，卦中五阳皆欲同于六二一阴，三爻与二相比，其欲同之意尤切。四爻非应非比，然以介在二五之间，亦欲强同于六二。五爻与二为正应，惟此爻居上，与二非应非比，孤介特立，置身荒郊之外，较初之于门更远。无私匿之情，免争夺之患，在六爻中，最为完善，谓之“同人于郊，无悔”。盖《同人》之量，“愈远则愈大，国外曰郊，郊外曰野，“于郊”较野殊近，故“于野”则亨，于郊”则第曰“无悔”。《象传》曰“志未得也”，志即“为能通天下之志”而言，其仅曰“于郊”。犹未能通天下之志也，故曰“志未得也”。
【占】　问时运：目下顺适，诸事无所障碍，但宜在闲散之地。
○　问商业：宜立业于市尘之外，无忧耗损，一时亦未能获大利益。
○　问战征：宜在荒地屯营。
○　问失物：于郊外觅之。
○　问讼事：恐难得直。
○　问家宅：平顺无灾。
此卦为归魂之卦，若占命数而得此卦，至上爻必死。《师》之上爻，可参看也。
【例】　有相识会社役员某氏来，告曰：近来我会社头取，与大株主之间，颇生纷议。株主欲开总会，改选社员，又有一派赞成当时之社员者，竞争颇甚。余不自知免职与否，请占前途之气运。筮得《同人》之《革》。
断曰：《同人》者，与人相同也。勿论社员株主，皆思其社之利益，非各谋私利者，惟其所为有左有之差，而遂生纷议也。盖此纷议之来，由五爻之头取，与二爻之支配人，其间过相亲密，致启他人之疑，然其疑可不久解也。如足下不偏不党，无所关系，亦无免职之忧，故曰“于郊，无悔”。郊者，田舍之谓，而离市街烦杂之地也。
后果如此占。

Line-6
Legge: The sixth line, dynamic, shows the representative of the Union of Forces in the suburbs. There will be no occasion for repentance.
Wilhelm/Baynes: Fellowship with men in the meadow. No remorse.
Blofeld: Her beloved is in a distant frontier region -- no regret! [In Chinese history, it often happened that a man was drafted and sent far away to a frontier region from which he could not be expected to return for many years. In this case, his beloved (betrothed or wife) has enough wisdom to give up repining, since the case is a hopeless one. The implication is that we should not repine.]
Liu: Fellowship of men in the open countryside. No remorse.
Ritsema/Karcher: Concording people tending-towards the suburbs. Without repenting.
Shaughnessy: Gathering men in the pasture; there is no regret.
Cleary (1): Being the same as people in the countryside, there is no regret.
Cleary (2): Sameness with people in the countryside involves no regret.
Wu: Men of fellowship gather outside of the city. There will be no regret.

COMMENTARY
Confucius/Legge: His object has not yet been attained. Wilhelm/Baynes: The will is not yet satisfied. Blofeld: This is not what is desired. Ritsema/
Karcher: Purpose not-yet acquired indeed. Cleary (2): The aspiration has not yet been attained. Wu: Their aspirations have not prevailed.
Legge: The union reaches to all within the suburbs, but it is not yet universal. The ideal of the hexagram is found in the Judgment in which the union of forces occurs in the open country. In line six the union is only in the suburbs which surround the city, yet are not quite out in the "open country." This indicates only a partial success, but there is still no cause for repentance.
NOTES AND PARAPHRASES
Siu: The man achieves fellowship, but only with those nearby. Simply because mankind has not yet attained universal brotherhood, however, is no ground for remorse.
Wing: The unity and fellowship that are possible in this position are not significant in terms of universal needs. However, joining with others, even in a small way, is not a mistake.
Editor: The union of forces is adequate to meet the current situation, but it seems to be a compromise at best. Though the circumstances are said to evoke no remorse, the Confucian commentary leaves no doubt about his assessment of this position. The Work still has a long way to go to be complete, but since that seldom happens this side of hyperspace, any increment of integration has to be better than no progress at all. Blofeld's translation and note seem too specific to facilitate these wider meanings. Thus, human ego development is basically conditioned by, and continues to unfold between, the divisive Yang pole of separateness and the connecting Yin pole of union. Between these polarities of separation and
encounter -- loss of oneness and the re-establishment of oneness through
meeting -- the sense of identity continues to grow throughout the life of the individual.
E.C. Whitmont -- The Symbolic Quest
A. A minor synthesis.
B. Psychic integration is adequate for the present, but further work is required.
C. "Half a loaf is better than none."
June 2, 2001, Rev. 4/23/06