32 · 雷风恒

恒卦原文

恒。亨，无咎，利贞。利有攸往。

象曰：雷风，恒。君子以立不易方。

白话文解释

恒卦：通达，没有过失，吉利的卜问。有所往则有利。

《象辞》说：本卦上卦为震，震为雷，下卦为巽，巽为风，风雷荡涤，宇宙常新，这是恒卦的卦象。君子观此卦象，从而立于正道，坚守不易。

《断易天机》解

恒卦震上巽下，为震宫三世卦。恒卦的意思就是要坚持、恒定、有恒心，这样才能获得亨通。

北宋易学家邵雍解

经常恒久，长久不变；君子以利，不易其方。

得此卦者，须立身正道，坚守不易，持续努力，必能亨通。缺少毅力，朝三暮四者则不会成功。

台湾国学大儒傅佩荣解

时运：努力耕耘，不可躁进。

财运：贸易之地，不可更改。

家宅：方向不改；百年好合。

身体：气喘有痰，仍服旧方。

传统解卦

这个卦是异卦（下巽上震）相叠。震为男、为雷；巽为女、为风。震刚在上，巽柔在下。刚上柔下，造化有常，相互助长。阴阳相应，常情，故称为恒。

大象：震者为动，宜向外发展，巽为入，为内向，一内一外，各居本位，故能永恒不变，喻夫妇之道。

运势：万事亨通，能恒久努力，安守本份则吉，妄动则招灾。

事业：诸事无不成于恒，持之以恒，必有成效。恒乃成功之本。为此，务必动机纯正，守静而勿躁动，不可急于求成，也不可固守死道，应从个人实际出发。最忌人云亦云，最宜随机应变。如此，诸事顺而成。

经商：大胆行动，有所往必有所利。注意市场行情和周围的情况。随时变化经营策略，但不得改变常理常道，坚持慎重选择的方向，勿追随潮流。忌不自量而冒险强求。

求名：有始有终，善始善终，立于正道，坚持不懈，学习方面尤应提高涵养，必可成。

婚恋：好事多磨，有曲折，唯不可见异思迁，和睦相处，勿固执己见。

决策：循序渐进，不要在一开始时期望过高，但不能因此放弃追求，应脚踏实地，从实际也发，不要好高骛远，更不可不自量，勿冒险激进，勿反复无常。坚信宇宙常新，不断修正自己的见解，补充新内容。

第三十二卦的哲学含义

恒卦卦象，雷风恒卦的象征意义

恒卦，这个卦是异卦相叠，巽为下卦，震为上卦。震为男、为雷；巽为女、为风。震刚在上，巽柔在下。刚上柔下，造化有常，相互助长。阴阳相应，常情，故称为恒。

恒卦位于咸卦之后，《序卦》中说道：“夫妇之道不可以不久也，故受之以恒。恒者，久也。”咸卦描述男女感应，推及夫妇之道；在迅速引发情感之后，接着要考虑的是长久维持，所以出现了恒卦。

《象》中这样解释恒卦：雷风，恒；君子以立不易方。这里指出，恒卦的卦象是巽（风）下震（雷）上，为风雷交加之表象，二者常是相辅相成而不停地活动的形象，因而象征常久；君子效法这一现象，应当树立自身的形象，坚守常久不变的正道。

从卦象上进行分析，恒卦上卦为震为雷为长子，下卦为巽为风为长女，雷动风随，这是自然界最大的永远相随的形象，也是人们都能看到的形象。一打雷接着就会刮风,古人从这一自然现象来说明阴阳相随的道理。从而引申出夫妇亦应当像雷与风一样永远和睦相处。上一卦咸卦为少男与少女，这一卦则变为长子长女，这是喻示着男女由年少的相恋，到现在已经长大成熟，成为持久的夫妇关系。恒卦中内卦为巽外卦为震，则表示妻主内男主外的生活模式。

32.雷风恒(䷟)-高岛易断

《上经》首《乾》而继《坤》，《坤》即《乾》之配；《下经》首《咸》而继《恒》，《恒》即《咸》之久。《咸》为可大之业，《恒》为可久之德，可久配天，可大配地，故《乾》亦为久，《坤》亦为大。《震》男《巽》女，本从乾坤而生，雷风即乾坤之嘘气也，乾坤不变，雷风亦不变，故雷风之卦曰《恒》。

恒：亨，无咎，利贞，利有攸往。

▲　甲骨文恒

“恒”字，从心从亘，训常，《易》曰“恒，久也”，凡事暂时塞者，久则通，通则“无咎”。“贞”者，正也，《咸》为夫妇结缡之始，男下于女，故“娶女吉”；《恒》为夫妇居室之常，女下于男，故利其贞。《巽》柔而顺，顺故能贞；《震》刚而动，动故有往。“贞”者，女子之德也，“往”者，男子之事也。《正义》曰：“得其常道，何往不利？”故曰“利有攸往”也。

《彖传》曰：恒，久也。刚上而柔下，雷风相与，巽而动，刚柔皆应，恒。恒，亨，无咎，利贞，久于其道也。天地之道，恒久而不已也。利有攸往，终则有始也。日月得天而能久照，四时变化而能久成，圣人久于其道，而天下化成。观其所恒，而天地万物之情可见矣。

▲　篆书恒

此卦上《震》下《巽》，《巽》为风，是刚上柔下也。《震》为雷，雷风相与而为《恒》。雷风者，即从山泽而生气，故卦次于《咸》。其为气也，通彻上下，运行周遍，化育万物，生生不息，而变化有常，其德亘古今而不易，是即“天地之道，恒久而不已也”，故名此卦曰《恒》。《恒》者，常也，久也，《恒》之为道，亨乃无咎，亨通无咎，乃得利贞。夫《恒》有二：有不易之《恒》，有不已之《恒》。“利贞”者，不易之《恒》，“利有攸往”者，不已之《恒》也，合而言之，常道也。“亨”者，《恒》之用也；“贞”者，《恒》之体也；“刚柔皆应”者，《恒》之成德也；“利有攸往”者，《恒》之行事也。《巽》以贞终，《震》以行始，大《震》入《巽》，故曰“终则有始”。《观》诸日月之得天久照，验诸四时之变化久成，征诸圣人之久道化成，天道圣道之历久不敝者，莫非此恒久之道也。

以此卦拟人事，《震》为长男，《巽》为长女，变《咸》之二少，为《恒》之二长，婚姻之礼，夫妇之《恒》道也。“雷风相与”者，天地之运也，“刚柔皆应”者，阴阳之机也，君子则之，以保其恒。以恒修身，而身教乃亨；以恒齐家，而家道乃亨；以恒治国，而国运亦亨，所谓无往不利者，此也。读《关睢》之诗，文王之化行于远，后妃之德修于内，其得《恒》之旨也夫！推之日月四时之久照久成，圣人之久道化成，仰观俯察，而《恒》之情可见矣。人事之通塞隆替，不外是焉。

以此卦拟国家，上卦为政府，有雷厉之性，以振兴庶政；下卦为人民，有风动之象，顺从政府之命令也。《恒》卦《震》上《巽》下，《震》为夫，《巽》为女，卦体本为夫妇。《咸》以少为情，《恒》以长为礼，《恒》即恒其所谓感也。然家修即为廷献，王化起于闺门，齐家治国，其道本一以贯，王道毕世而仁，圣功万年无敝，是即圣人之久道化成也。雷动风散，可见恩威之并施也；刚上柔下，可见宽猛之交济也。和顺取诸《巽》，振作取诸《震》，有为有守，无怠无荒，内秉洁齐之志，外协通变之宜，道以亨而无咎，化以久而弥神，终始如一，上下不疑，是久于其道也，而郅治有恒矣。日月之久照，四时之久成，胥于此可见矣。

通观全卦，《序卦传》曰：“夫妇之道不可以不久也，故受之以恒。”《咸》为夫妇之始，《恒》为夫妇之常，所谓《下经》首《咸》《恒》，以夫妇之道配《乾》《坤》也。然《恒》一卦，惟五爻言夫妇，余爻皆历言《恒》之不当，以为垂诫；且六爻无一吉辞，即《彖》辞，亦第云“无咎”。盖《恒》为天地之常道，日月久照，四时久成，不恒则变，《恒》则得其正。是以圣人曰“人而无恒，不可以作巫医”，皆反言以警之，而于《恒》未尝有赞词也。《象》曰“君子立不易方”，亦惟以不易者，守其《恒》而已。卦体六爻相应，刚柔二气，交相为用，刚有刚之道，柔有柔之道，《恒》之亨而无咎，惟久于其道也。《恒》之反卦为《咸》，故二卦爻象，皆颠倒相因。《恒》初爻之深刻，即《咸》上之巧令也；《恒》二之“悔亡”，即《咸》五之“无悔”也：《恒》三之承羞，即《咸》四之“朋从”也；《恒》四之非位，即《咸》三之“随人”也；《恒》五之妇吉夫凶，即《咸》三“凶，居吉”也；《恒》上之“大无功”，即《咸》初之“志在外”也。故二卦同体，而爻象反复。《咸》曰“圣人感人心，而天下和平”，《恒》曰“圣人久于其道，而天下化成”，天地万物之情，皆可于此见之矣。

《象》曰：雷风，恒，君子以立不易方。

《震》雷动而在上，《巽》风入而在下，雷风二物，虽至动至变而无常，而究其极，雷之发声不爽其候，风之嘘物，各应其时，振古如斯，未尝或失，故曰雷风《恒》。君子体此象以应万变，而道则不变，《恒》而已矣。“立”者确乎不拔，“方”者主一不迁，志有定向，而持守弥坚，不为富贵淫，不为贫贱移，不为威武屈，特立无惧，此君子之所以为君子者，得《恒》道也。

【占】　问战征：雷出于地，风生于谷，防有敌兵埋伏，火炮攻击之虑。宜坚守营垒，不可退，后可以转败为功。

○　问营商：《震》属正东，《巽》属东南，曰“立不易方”，言贸易不可改易地方也。

○　问功名：《震》《巽》皆木，木植立不易，干霄直上，自得直达之象。但宜久成，不宜躁进。

○　问家宅：此宅坐西北，朝东南，为祖遗旧宅，是恒产，方向切不可移易。

○　问婚姻：男家长男，女家长女，二长相配，婚姻大利，可卜百年偕老。

○　问疾病：必是肝火上冲，痰火气喘，须服前方，不必改易。

○　问六甲：生男，必是初胎。

Judgment

Legge: Consistency means successful progress without error through firm correctness. Movement in any direction is advantageous.

Wilhelm/Baynes: Duration. Success. No blame. Perseverance furthers. It furthers one to have somewhere to go.

Blofeld: The Long Enduring. Success and freedom from error! Righteous persistence brings reward. It is favorable to have in view some goal or destination.

Liu: Duration. Success. No blame. It benefits to continue. Going anywhere is advantageous.

Ritsema/Karcher: Persevering, Growing. Without fault. Harvesting Trial.

Harvesting: possessing directed going. [This hexagram describes your situation in terms of continuity and endurance. It emphasizes that continuing on and renewing the way you are following is the adequate way to handle the situation. To be in accord with the time, you are told to persevere!]

Shaughnessy: Constancy: Receipt; there is no trouble; beneficial to determine; beneficial to have someplace to go.

Cleary (1): Constancy is developmental. Impeccable. It is beneficial to be correct. It is beneficial to have a place to go.

Cleary (2): Constancy comes through without fault, beneficial insofar as it is correct. It is beneficial to have a place to go.

Wu: Constancy indicates pervasion. There will be no blame. It also indicates advantage of being persevering and having undertakings.

The Image

Legge: Thunder over wind -- the image of Consistency. The superior man stands firm and does not change his method of operation.

Wilhelm/Baynes: Thunder and wind: the image of Duration. Thus the superior man stands firm and does not change his direction.

Blofeld: This hexagram symbolizes thunder accompanied by wind. The Superior Man stands so firmly that he cannot be uprooted.

Liu: Thunder and wind symbolize Duration. The superior man stands firm without changing direction.

Ritsema/Karcher: Thunder, wind, Persevering. A Chun tzu uses establishing, not versatility on-all-sides.

Cleary (1): Thunder and wind are perpetual. Thus does the superior person stand without changing places.

Cleary (2): Thunder and wind are constant; so do developed people stand without changing place.

Wu: A combination of thunder and wind forms Constancy. Thus the jun zi establishes himself by not changing his post.

COMMENTARY

Confucius/Legge: Consistency means long continuance. The dynamic trigram of Thunder is above, and the magnetic trigram of Wind is below. Docility and Motive Force are in sympathetic communication because their dynamic and magnetic lines all correspond. When the motive power is spent it will begin again -- hence movement in any direction is advantageous. The sun and moon are consistent in their illumination, and the four sequential seasons are consistent in their cycles of growth. The sages are consistent in their work and all under heaven are transformed. When we examine this consistent perseverance the natural tendencies of heaven and earth are revealed.

Legge: The subject of the hexagram is perseverance in what is right, or in continuously acting out the law of one's being. It is seen as a sequel to the previous hexagram, Initiative. As that figure deals with the correct relations between husband and wife, so this figure treats of the continuous observance of their respective duties. Initiative consists of the trigrams symbolizing the youngest son and youngest daughter and shows how the attraction and influence between the sexes is strongest in youth. Consistency on the other hand, consists of the trigrams symbolizing the oldest son and oldest daughter. This couple is more staid. The wife occupies the lower place, and their relationship is

characterized by her submission. Given two parties, a magnetic and a dynamic in correlation, if both consistently observe what is correct and natural (i.e., the magnetic submissive and the dynamic firm), then good fortune and progress may be predicted for their course.

NOTES AND PARAPHRASES

Judgment: The will to maintain the consistency of the Work assures progress in whatever direction it may take. The Superior Man holds fast to the principles of the Work. Wilhelm's title for this hexagram is Duration. I feel that the word Consistency best evokes the meaning of the figure. In an existence consisting of continuous change the only things that have duration are the principles upon which change is based. To adhere to these principles is to maintain consistency. Implicit here is a consistent balance of forces. Consistency in the Work means neither consistent action nor inaction, but an appropriate combination of the two principles as required by changing circumstances. The Confucian commentary alludes to this characteristic of the Work when it mentions the sun, moon and changing seasons as examples of forces which maintain their consistency within a context of continuous change. Just as the moon at night reflects the light of the hidden sun, so in the Work the ego is always magnetic in relation to the dynamic Self. A moon that thought that it was the source of its light would be egregiously deluded, despite superficial appearances to the contrary; so too the ego that thinks that its powers come from anywhere but the Self. Motives and standards of choice are not invented by the ego but are structured by the actualization of archetypal predispositions through personally acquired value standards.

E. C. Whitmont -- The Symbolic Quest

SUGGESTIONS FOR MEDITATION

Note that all of the lines in the hexagram are generally unfavorable except two and five, and that when they both change places the hexagram becomes number thirty-one, Initiative. There is a profound lesson here which is best appreciated by meditating on the associations implied. The fact that each hexagram is the inverse of the other should not be forgotten.